多向锻造和退火处理对锡青铜合金力学性能的影响

Influence of multi-directional forging and annealing on mechanical properties for tin bronze alloy

为探索强塑性匹配良好的锡青铜合金的制造方法,制备了粗晶、多向锻造、多向锻造及退火3种锡青铜合金试样,采用金相显微观察、显微硬度测试、单向拉伸试验、扫描电子显微镜形貌观察等手段研究了3种试样的金相组织、硬度、拉伸性能和拉伸断口形貌。结果发现,粗晶锡青铜合金经过多向锻造后,晶粒明显细化,经过后续退火处理后,晶粒轻微长大。多向锻造及退火锡青铜合金试样的硬度、抗拉强度、伸长率均介于其余两种试样之间,其强塑积分别为粗晶锡青铜合金试样和多向锻造锡青铜合金试样的114%和195%,拉伸断口呈韧性断裂特征。结果表明,采用多向锻造及退火工艺可获得良好强塑性匹配的锡青铜合金。

In order to explore the manufacturing method of tin bronze alloy with good strength and plasticity,three kinds of tin bronze alloy samples of coarse grain,multi-directional forging and multi-directional forging and annealing were prepared,and their microstructures,hardnesses,tensile properties and tensile fracture morphologies were tested by means of metallographic observation,microhardness test,unidirectional tensile test and scanning electron microscope morphology observation.The results show that the grains of coarse grain tin bronze alloy are obviously refined after multi-directional forging,and the grains grow slightly after the subsequent annealing treatment.The hardness,tensile strength and elongation of tin bronze alloy samples by multi-directional forging and annealing are between those of the other two samples.However,their products of strength and elongation are about 114%and 195%of the coarse grain and multi-directional forging tin bronze alloy samples,respectively,and the tensile fracture morphologies show ductile fracture characteristics.Thus,the process of multi-directional forging and subsequent annealing process can produce the tin bronze alloy with good strength and plasticity.