净月潭国家森林公园三裂叶豚草群落特征研究

Study on community characteristics of Ambrosia trifida L. in Jingyuetan National Forest Park

为了解外来入侵植物三裂叶豚草(Ambrosia trifida L.)的群落特征和危害状况,采用样方法对净月潭国家森林公园生长的三裂叶豚草群落进行调查,分析了群落物种组成、种群生态位宽度和生态位重叠。结果表明:三裂叶豚草群落共有维管束植物21科38属45种,群落优势科为菊科(Asteraceae);群落优势种为三裂叶豚草,其重要值为31.35%,远高于其他物种;三裂叶豚草生态位宽度最大,其Levins和Shannon生态位宽度指数分别为7.75和2.09;群落中主要种群间的生态位重叠程度总体较低,种群生态位重叠值平均为0.389 4。三裂叶豚草在净月潭国家森林公园生态适应能力较强,入侵较为严重,亟待进行治理。

In order to understand the community characteristics and damage status of invasive alien plant Ambrosia trifida L.,a sample method was used to investigate the community of A. trifida in Jingyuetan National Forest Park. Species composition,niche width and niche overlap of the community were analyzed. The results were as follows:there were 45 species,38 genera and 21 families of vascular plants in the community of A. trifida;Asteraceae was the dominant family in the community;the important value of A. trifida was 31.35%,which was much higher than other species,and it was the dominant species in the community;A. trifida had the largest niche width,and its Levins and Shannon niche width indexes were7.75 and 2.09,respectively;the degree of niche overlap among the main populations of A. trifida community was generally low,and the average niche overlap value was 0.3894. In Jingyuetan National Forest Park,A. trifida had strong ecological adaptability and serious invasion,which urgently needs to be controlled.