非自锁螺纹连接空间解锁装置优化设计与研究

OPTIMAL DESIGN AND RESEARCH OF SPACE UNLOCKING DEVICE FOR NON-SELF-LOCKING THREAD CONNECTION

空间解锁装置是实现航天器与其附件连接与分离的关键部件。针对非自锁螺纹连接空间解锁装置在发射、升空过程中受到冲击、振动等载荷的影响从而存在主动力源(加载螺母)松脱失效风险的问题,对非自锁螺纹连接空间解锁装置解锁机理进行了分析;通过多目标优化算法对冗余驱动机构的冗余动力源进行了设计;同时选用超越离合器作为冗余驱动机构的传动主体,不但能够保证装置在主动力源失效的情况下顺利解锁,还能有效避免冗余动力源与主动力源在装置正常工作情况下易产生干涉的问题。最后对冗余机构驱动下的空间解锁装置进行了动力学仿真分析及试验验证,结果显示冗余驱动机构能够迅速、可靠地完成装置的解锁任务。

The space unlocking device is a key component to realize the connection and separation between spacecraft and its accessories. In order to solve the problem that the non-self-locking thread connection space unlocking device is affected by impact, vibration and other loads during launch and lift-off, which leads to the risk of loosening failure of the main power source(loading nut), the unlocking mechanism of the non-self-locking thread connection space unlocking device was analyzed. The redundant power source of the redundant drive mechanism was designed by multi-objective optimization algorithm. At the same time, the overrunning clutch was selected as the transmission main body of the redundant driving mechanism, which can ensure the smooth unlocking of the device in the case of failure of the main power source, and effectively avoid the interference between the redundant power source and the main power source in the normal operation of the device. Finally, the dynamic simulation analysis and experimental verification of the space unlocking device driven by the redundant mechanism have been carried out. The results show that the redundant mechanism can complete the unlocking task of the device quickly and reliably.