口述历史档案的著作权归属及保护对策研究

Research on Copyright Ownership of Oral History Archives and Its Protection Countermeasure

为提高口述历史档案的利用效率和降低潜在的著作权风险,有必要明晰口述历史档案的可版权性和著作权归属。文章运用文献调查法和案例研究法,首先,分析了口述历史档案中的采访者提纲、录音或录像制品、转录本或手抄本的可版权性。然后,以明确口述历史档案与口述作品关系为基础分别辨析了常规口述历史档案的著作权归属判定和特殊口述历史档案的著作权归属问题。最后,提出对口述历史档案著作权保护的对策,包括档案保管单位发布捐赠协议、制定口述历史档案的合理使用框架、责令档案权利人签署著作权协议、档案界发布口述历史档案的引用规则等。

In order to improve the efficiency of the use of oral history archives and ensure that the use of oral history archives is ethical,the article used the literature survey method and case study method to explore the copyright protection of the use of oral history archives.According to the ethically using oral history archives,firstly,it analyzed the copyright attributes of interview outlines,audio or video recordings,transcripts in oral history archives.Then,on the basis of clarifying the relationship between oral history archives and oral works,the author analyzes the copyright ownership of conventional and special oral history archives.Finally,the author puts forward the countermeasures for the copyright protection of oral history archives,including the deposit organizations of the oral history archives making a donation agreement,developing a fair use framework for oral history archives,the rights holders of the oral history archive signing a copyright agreement,and the archivist circle publishing rules for citations to oral history archives.