膜结构在国内的发展综述

Review on the development of membrane structure in China

膜结构是建筑结构中最新发展起来的一种形式,它以性能优良的织物为材料,或是向膜内充气,由空气压力支撑膜面,或是利用柔性钢索或刚性支撑结构将面绷紧,从而形成具有一定刚度、能够覆盖大跨度空间的结构体系。自从1970年代以来,膜结构在国外已逐渐应用于体育建筑、商场、展览中心、交通服务设施等大跨度建筑中。膜结构已成为结构设计选型中的一个主要方案。成为化纤纺织品应用的一个重要领域。近年来在中国建筑结构中也有长足的进展。总结了膜结构常见的结构形式,几种常见膜材料主要特新及应用,国内膜结构的发展。

Membrane structure is a newly developed form of building structure.It takes the fabric with excellent performance as the material,or inflates into the membrane,supports the membrane surface by air pressure,or tightens the surface by using flexible steel cable or rigid support structure,so as to form a structural system with certain stiffness and can cover large-span space.Since the 1970s,membrane structure has been gradually used in long-span buildings such as sports buildings,shopping malls,exhibition centers,transportation service facilities and so on.Membrane structure has become a major scheme in structural design and selection.It has become an important field of chemical fiber textile application.In recent years,great progress has also been made in Chinese architectural structures.This paper summarizes the common structural forms of membrane structure,the main features and applications of several common membrane materials,and the development of membrane structure in China.