药物治疗对注意缺陷多动障碍患儿体格生长影响的研究进展

Research progress on the effect of drug therapy on the physical growth of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是儿童时期最常见的神经发育障碍性疾病,对儿童的学业水平、人际交往、社会功能以及整个家庭、社会都有不可忽视的影响。ADHD的发病率在过去几十年里一直呈上升趋势。兴奋剂哌甲酯(MPH)与选择性去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂托莫西汀(ATX)均为治疗ADHD公认的一线药物。药物对ADHD儿童体格生长可能带来的消极影响令家长担忧。本文就药物治疗对ADHD患儿体格生长的影响、相关机制及管理进行综述,以期提高患儿临床药物治疗的依从性。

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is a common chronic neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood,which has a significant impact on children′s academic performance,interpersonal communication,social functioning,as well as the whole family and society.The incidence of ADHD has been on the rise over the past few decades.Stimulants such as methylphenidate(MPH)and selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors such as atomoxetine(ATX),are both commonly used drugs in ADHD treatment.Parents are concerned about the possible negative effects of medication on the physical growth of ADHD children.This article reviews the effects,mechanisms and management of drug therapy on the physical growth of ADHD children,in order to improve the compliance of clinical drug therapy.