单质磷基半导体材料的制备及其光催化应用

Fabrication of Mono-Elemental Phosphorus-Based Semi-conductor Materials and Their Photocatalytic Applications

磷元素广泛存在于生物体和自然界中,因其晶体结构多变而存在多种同素异形体。单质磷包含白磷(WP)、红磷(RP)、黑磷(BP)、蓝磷(BuP)、紫磷(VP)。二维单层BP的首次合成引起了人们对单质磷基半导体材料(Phosphorus-based Semi-conductor Materials,PSCM)的广泛关注。PSCM具有可调节的带隙、较高的光生载流子迁移率和光热转化效率,并且拥有良好的生物相容性和可降解性,因此在能源、环境、生物医学等新兴领域有着广阔的应用前景,尤其是在光催化领域。首先详细阐明了PSCM的不同制备方法及相互转化过程,并归纳比较了其晶体与能带结构;然后还对PSCM在光催化产氢、光催化CO_(2)/CO还原、光催化降解污染物、光热治疗等典型光催化领域的研究进行了系统综述;最后对今后PSCM在光催化领域中的研究重点和方向做出展望,为新型PSCM的制备及其高效光催化应用提供重要指导和新的见解。

Phosphorus exists widely in organisms and nature,and there are many phosphorus allotropes due to the changeable crystal structures of phosphorus element.Zero-valent phosphorus include white phosphorous(WP),red phosphorous(RP),black phosphorous(BP),blue phosphorous(BuP),and violet phosphorous(VP).The first synthesis of two-dimensional(2D)black phosphorus has attracted extensive attention of researchers on Phosphorus-based semi-conductor materials(PSCM).PSCM have huge and broad application prospects in energy,environment,biomedicine and other emerging fields,especially in the field of photocatalysis,since their adjustable band gap,high photocarrier mobility and photothermal conversion efficiency,as well as good biocompatibility and degradability.In this paper,the different preparation methods,crystal and band structure and their mutual transformation process of PSCM are systematically summarized.Secondly,the application of PSCM in typical photocatalytic fields,such as photocatalytic hydrogen evolution,photocatalytic CO_(2)/CO reduction,photocatalytic degradation of pollutants and photothermal therapy are systematically reviewed.Finally,the future research focus and direction of PSCM in the field of photocatalysis are forecasted.These results will provide important guidance and new insights for the preparation of novel PSCM and their efficient photocatalytic applications.