自噬在多种因素所致急性肺损伤中的研究进展

Research progress of autophagy in acute lung injury induced by multiple factors

自噬是一个高度保守的分解代谢过程,涉及细胞成分的降解,包括受损细胞器、变性蛋白质以及各种病原体,是机体维持细胞和组织内稳态的防御、应激机制。越来越多研究证实自噬与多种疾病息息相关。急性肺损伤由肺内或肺外因素引起,以低氧和低肺顺应性为主要表现,目前发病机制尚未明确,已知炎症反应失调及氧化应激机制是其发生的重要机制,急性肺损伤引起的炎症反应已被报道涉及自噬表达的一系列改变。自噬在急性肺损伤中作用可能是保护性的,也可能是有害的。本文将通过总结自噬对感染因素(如病原体感染、脂多糖、脓毒血症)及非感染因素(氯气中毒、急性胰腺炎)引起急性肺损伤的影响,为更好防治急性肺损伤提供新思路、新策略。

Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process involving the degradation of cellular components including damaged organelles,denatured proteins,and various pathogens.It is a defensive,stressful mechanism by which the body maintains intracellular and tissue homeostasis.More and more studies had confirmed that autophagy was closely related to various diseases.Acute lung injury is caused by intrapulmonary or extrapulmonary factors,with hypoxia and low pulmonary compliance as the main manifestations.While the pathogenesis is not yet clear;dysregulated inflammatory response and oxidative stress mechanisms were known to be important mechanisms for its occurrence,and the inflammatory response induced by acute lung injury had been reported to involve in a range of alterations in autophagic expression.The role of autophagy in acute lung injury may be protective or detrimental.This paper will provide new ideas and strategies for better prevention and treatment of acute lung injury by sum-marizing the effects of autophagy on infectious factors(e.g.pathogenic infection,lipopolysaccharide,sepsis)and non-infectious factors(chlorine poisoning,acute pancreatitis)causing acute lung injury.