空间引力波探测航天器关键技术分析

Analysis of Key Technologies of Spacecraft for Gravitational Waves Detection in Space

引力波信号极其微弱,给空间探测任务带来了极大的技术挑战,对航天器提出了更高的系统指标,目前的航天器已有技术在很多方面无法满足空间引力波探测。文章在对国内外空间引力波探测航天器介绍的基础上,对航天器无拖曳与姿态控制、连续可调微推进、超稳定温度控制等关键技术进行分析,并对中国天琴一号卫星在轨完成的关键技术及实现情况进行介绍。最后,提出了空间引力波探测航天器在位移模式无拖曳控制、微牛级连续可调微推进等关键技术上的发展建议。

Gravitational wave signals are extremely weak,which brings great technical challenges to the missions of gravitational waves detection in space and puts forward higher system indicators for spacecraft.The existing technologies of spacecraft do not meet the requirements of gravitational waves detection in space.Based on the introduction of gravitational waves detection spacecraft,the key technologies of spacecraft are analyzed such as drag-free and attitude control,continuously adjustable micro propulsion and ultra-stable temperature control,and the key technologies and implementation of China Tianqin-1 satellite in orbit are introduced.Finally,some suggestions for the development of key technologies such as drag-free control in displacement mode and continuous adjustable micro-propulsion are given.