基于ANSYS的直列四缸发动机曲轴强度分析

Analysis of Crankshaft Strength of Four Cylinder Engine Based on ANSYS

在汽车发动机的众多构件当中,曲轴是发动机中最重要、承载最复杂的零件之一,也是典型的易损件之一,被喻为发动机的脊梁骨,其强度会影响到整机的工作性能。以某直列四缸发动机曲轴为例,运用了SolidWorks软件建立了直列四缸发动机的三维模型,并且应用Ansys Workbench软件模拟分析了直列四缸发动机点火后的静态特性。首先介绍了直列四缸发动机曲轴,然后进行有限元分析,建立有限元模型和各部件之间的约束,包括曲轴与连杆之间的转动副、连接杆与活塞之间的转动副和活塞与缸体之间的移动副等,随后进行网格划分,施加力与约束等,最后进行应力求解,得出其在点火做功时的应力应变云图和位移云图,并且研究其应力和应变状态。通过Ansys分析结果可以看出其应力、应变分布及位移变化,这对于后面的设计优化曲轴结构具有重要意义。

Among the many components of the automobile engine,the crankshaft is one of the most important and complex parts in the engine,and it is also one of the typical vulnerable parts.It is known as the backbone of the engine,so its strength will affect the working performance of the whole machine.Taking the crankshaft of an in-line four cylinder engine as an example,the three-dimensional model of the in-line four cylinder engine was established by using SolidWorks software,and the static characteristics of the in-line four cylinder engine after ignition were simulated and analyzed by using ANSYS Workbench software.Firstly,the crankshaft of the in-line four cylinder engine was introduced,and then the finite element analysis was carried out to establish the finite element model and the constraints between various components,including the rotating pair between the crankshaft and the connecting rod,the rotating pair between the connecting rod and the piston and the moving pair between the piston and the cylinder block,then meshing,applying force and constraints.Finally the stress was solved,the stressstrain nephogram and displacement nephogram during ignition work were obtained and its stress and strain state were studied.Through the ANSYS analysis results,the stress,strain distribution and displacement changes could be seen.It is of great significance for the following design and optimization of crankshaft structure.