基于数据挖掘的中医药治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的用药规律分析

Analysis of the medication law of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy based on Data Mining

目的探究中医药治疗糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)用药规律。方法以中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统数据库作为查找源,以“糖尿病视网膜病变”“治疗”为检索词,日期设定为2000年1月—2021年2月进行检索,根据纳入和排除标准,共纳入215篇文献,提取方剂223首。录入到Excel建立数据库,使用SPSSStatistics 25.0及IBMSPSSModeler统计软件进行分析,将纳入的方剂中的中药进行统计分析。结果在纳入的方剂中,出现频数最高的前3位中药是黄芪(122次,54.7%)、生地黄(122次,54.7%)、丹参(98次,43.9%);根据功效进行分类,共涉及7类中药,前3类分别为补虚药(633次,42.6%)、清热药(302次,20.3%)、活血化瘀药(195次,13.1%);在药性中,寒(10次,37.0%),温(8次,29.6%),平(7次,25.9%)占比高,无热性药物;在药味统计中,甘(22次,50.0%),苦(10次,22.7%),辛(5次,11.5%)占比高;在归经统计中,肝经(16次,23.5%),肾经(12次,17.6%),心经与脾经(各10次,14.7%)占比高。对高频药物进行关联规则分析,得到关联强度高的药对组合为6个。结论DR的中医治疗多从肝经、肾经入手,重在补肝益气、滋阴清热、通络化瘀等。

OBJECTIVE To explore the medication law of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS The databases of CNKI,Wanfang Data knowledge service platform,VIP and China biomedical literature service system were used as the search sources,with"diabetic retinopathy"and"treatment"as keywords,and the search was conducted from January 2000 to February 2021.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 215 literatures were included and 223 prescriptions were extracted.The data was input into Excel software to establish a database.SPSS statistics 25.0 and IBM SPSS modeler statistical software were used for analysis.TCM included in the prescriptions were statistically analyzed.RESULTS Among the included prescriptions,the top three Chinese medicines with the highest frequency were Astragalus membranaceus(122 times,54.7%),Rehmannia glutinosa(122 times,54.7%)and Salvia miltiorrhiza(98 times,43.9%).According to the efficacy,there were seven categories of Chinese medicines involved.The top three categories were tonifying deficiency drugs(633 times,42.6%),clearing heat drugs(302 times,20.3%)and promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis drugs(195 times,13.1%).In the statistics of drug properties,cold(10 times,37.0%),warm(8 times,29.6%)and flat(7 times,25.9%)drugs accounted for a high proportion,and there was no hot drug among them.In the statistics of drug flavor,sweet(22 times,50.0%),bitter(10 times,22.7%),and pungent(5 times,11.5%)drugs accounted for a high proportion.In the statistics of meridian tropism,the liver meridian(16 times,5%),kidney meridian(12 times,17.6%),heart meridian and spleen meridian(10 times,14.7%)accounted for a high proportion.Through analyzing the association rules of high-frequency drugs,six drug pairs with high association strength were obtained.CONCLUSIONS The TCM treatment of DR mostly starts with liver and kidney meridians,focusing on tonifying liver and Qi,nourishing Yin and clearing heat,dredging collaterals and removing blood stasis,etc.