OCTA在高度近视眼视网膜、脉络膜血流及厚度方面的研究进展

Research progress of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) on vessel density, thickness of retina and choroid in high myopia

近视是一类临床常见的眼科疾病,高度近视患者由于眼轴的过度延长,会引起视网膜萎缩、脉络膜新生血管、后巩膜葡萄肿等,这些眼底并发症是导致视力丧失或致盲的主要原因之一。高度近视眼眼底并发症的发生与眼底血管微循环障碍有关,及早了解和监测高度近视眼微血管的变化对防止眼底并发症的发生可能具有重要的意义。光学相干断层扫描血管成像技术(OCTA)是一种新型的非侵入性的血管影像学检测方法,可自动分层观察视网膜浅层、深层血管丛及脉络膜毛细血管网的血管形态及血流分布情况,详细的定性和定量的微血管信息,在研究高度近视眼底微血管改变方面具有独特的优势,可为高度近视的诊断、治疗及研究提供影像学依据。本文将对OCTA近年来在高度近视眼视网膜、脉络膜血流及厚度方面的应用作一简要描述。

Myopia is a common ophthalmic disease.Due to the excessive elongation of axial length,high myopia will cause retinal atrophy,choroidal neovascularization,posterior scleral staphy⁃loma and so on.These fundus complications are the main causes of vision loss or blindness.More and more studies have shown that the occurrence of fundus complications in high myopia is related to the disturbance of fundus vascular microcirculation.Thus,to understand microvascular early changes may be of clinical relevance.Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a new,non-invasive angiographic detection method which can automatically observe the vascular mor⁃phology and blood flow distribution of the superficial and deep retina,and choroidal capillary net⁃work in layers without contrast agent,and provide detailed qualitative and quantitative microvascu⁃lar information.OCTA has great advantages in studying fundus blood vessels of high myopia,which can provide imaging basis for the diagnosis,treatment,and research of high myopia.The paper briefly introduce the application of OCTA on vessel density,thickness of retina and choroid in high myopia in recent years.