基于DOPS的形成性评价对肠造口患者造口适应和自我护理能力的影响

Influence of DOPS-based formative evaluation on stomatal adaptation and self-care ability of enterostomy patients

目的探讨以操作技能直接观察评估(DOPS)为工具的形成性评价对永久性肠造口患者住院期间造口适应和自我护理能力的影响。方法严格按照纳入和排除标准选择2016年6月至2018年6月广州医科大学附属第三医院收治的肠造口患者76例,按照手术的先后顺序分为对照组和干预组各38例。对照组采用常规护理模式,干预组在对照组的基础上增设两次以DOPS为考评工具的形成性评价,时间分别为第2阶段和第3阶段的健康教育实施后。于出院前1 d采用造口适应量表和造口患者自我护理量表进行调查。结果干预组患者造口适应总分(54.42±3.67)分高于对照组(41.63±9.88)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);干预组患者造口自我护理得分总分(47.32±1.63)分高于对照组(40.61±3.13分),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论基于DOPS的形成性评价应用于肠造口患者住院期间的健康教育中,有助于提高患者该阶段的造口适应水平和自我护理能力。

Objective To explore the effect of formative assessment using direct observation of procedural skills(DOPS)on stomostomy adaptation and self-care ability of patients with permanent enterostomy during hospitalization.Methods A total of 76 enterostomy patients admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from June 2016 to June 2018 were selected strictly according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and were divided into control group and intervention group according to the order of operation,38 cases in each group.The control group adopted the conventional nursing mode,while the intervention group added two formative evaluations using DOPS as evaluation tool on the basis of the control group,respectively after the implementation of the health education in stage 2 and stage 3.Ostomy adaptation scale and ostomy patient self-care scale were used to investigate 1 day before discharge.Results The total score of ostomy adaptation in the intervention group was(54.42±3.67)points,which was higher than that in the control group〔(41.63±9.88)points〕,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The total score of ostomy self-care score in the intervention group was(47.32±1.63)points,higher than that in the control group〔(40.61±3.13)points〕,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusions Dops-based formative evaluation is applied to the health education of enterostomy patients during hospitalization,which is helpful to improve their stomostomy adaptation level and self-care ability.