并非“第一人”——重评鲁迅的厄普顿·辛克莱译介

Not“the First One”:A Reconsideration of Lu Xun’s Translation and Introduction to Upton Sinclair

在“红色三十年代”,中美左翼文学界展开了丰富的事实交流和深入的精神互动。有些学者高度肯定鲁迅译介美国左翼作家厄普顿·辛克莱的贡献,认为他是中国译介辛克莱的“第一人”。然而,不少文献资料可以证明,此观点以及由此衍生出的某些逻辑推定并不成立。辛克莱至迟于1915年1月“进入”中国。在鲁迅之前,《礼拜六》派文人、沈雁冰、郁达夫、陶孟和、汪英宾、徐霞村等出于各种各样的动机,已经做过相关译介工作,构成了“红色三十年代”中国出现“辛克莱热”的重要“前史”。基于丰富的文献资料对这一“前史”展开还原和阐释,有助于重新评价鲁迅的辛克莱译介,全面梳理现代中国的辛克莱接受史。

In“the Red Decade, ”abundant factual exchanges and in-depth spiritual interactions took place between Chinese and American leftist literary arenas.Some scholars sing high praise for Lu Xun’s contribution to the introduction of Upton Sinclair, an American leftist author, into China and even hold that Lu was“the first one.”However, a lot of documents can disprove this viewpoint and its attendant logical reasoning.At the latest, Sinclair was introduced into China in January, 1915.Prior to Lu, “the Saturday School”,Shen Yanbing, Yu Dafu, Tao Menghe, Wang Yingbin, Xu Xiacun and the like had introduced him for diversified reasons, which constituted the important“pre-history”of“Sinclair Fever”in the“Red Decade”in China.A restoration and interpretation of this“pre-history”on the basis of abundant documents can lay a solid foundation both for a reconsideration of Lu’s introduction of Sinclair and for a comprehensive survey of Chinses acceptance of Sinclair in the modern period.