新版《条例》实施前后杭州市公共场所烟草暴露及居民控烟态度变化对比分析

Comparative analysis on Changes in tobacco exposure and residents′ attitudes toward tobacco control in public places in Hangzhou before and after the implementation of the New Regulation

目的 对比新版《杭州市公共场所控制吸烟条例》(简称:《条例》)实施前后公共场所烟草暴露及居民控烟态度,以评价新版《条例》的实施效果,并分析杭州市公共场所的控烟现状,为未来控烟工作的推进提供参考。方法 于2018年(实施前)和2021年(实施两年后)采用多阶段分层随机抽样,对杭州市15~75岁居民进行问卷调查。结果 调查对象吸烟率由20.67%降至17.11%,公共场所二手烟暴露率由90.36%降至33.31%,控烟《条例》知晓率由64.79%降至37.95%,烟草危害知晓率由31.78%升至56.81%,控烟《条例》支持率由86.52%升至92.40%,控烟监督参与意愿由15.28%升至65.25%;2021年调查结果显示,室内工作场所及限制吸烟场所的二手烟暴露率较高,控烟投诉热线及限制吸烟场所的知晓度较低,调查对象对个人的公共场所控烟行为满意度较高,而对控烟宣传活动和控烟监督执法的满意度较低。结论 杭州市新版《条例》的推进取得了一定效果,控烟工作应将重点放在加大宣传和监督执法力度上。

Objective To compare the tobacco exposure and residents′ attitudes towards tobacco control in public places before and after the implementation of the Regulation of Smoking Control in Public Places in Hangzhou(shortened as New Regulation),and to provide suggestions for further strengthening tobacco control work.Methods In 2018(before New Regulationimplementation)and 2021(two years after New Regulationimplementation),multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey of Hangzhou residents aged 15 to 75 years old.Results The smoking rate of survey subjects decreased from 20.67%in 2018 to 17.11%in 2021,the exposure rate of second-hand smoke in public places decreased from 90.36%to 33.31%,the awareness of tobacco control regulations decreased from 64.79%to 37.95%,and the awareness of tobacco hazards decreased from 31.78%increased to 56.81%,support for tobacco control regulations increased from 86.52%to 92.40%,and the willingness of public supervision on tobacco control increased from 15.28%to 65.25%.The results of the 2021 survey showed that indoor workplaces and restricted smoking places had higher second-hand smoke exposure rates.Tobacco control complaint hotline and restricted smoking places were less aware.The survey respondents were highly satisfied with personal tobacco control behaviors in public places, but were less satisfied with tobacco control publicity activities and tobacco law enforcement.Conclusion The promotion of the New Regulation in Hangzhou have achieved certain results.Tobacco control work should focus on increasing publicity and supervision and law enforcement.