《小品方》疫病治疗思想探析

Analysis on the thought of epidemic disease treatment in Xiaopinfang

文章从疫病认识、治法方药及疫病预防等角度分析《小品方》中的疫病治疗思想。陈延之能明辨伤寒与时行瘟疫的区别;主张疫病为感受异常气候条件下的非时之气而引发,具有传染性;主张疫病的核心病机为“热”与“毒”;创制了清热解毒、表里双解、凉血止血、滋阴生津等治疗法则;以屠苏酒开芳香辟秽预防疫病之先河。魏晋南北朝时期为中国历史上第一个疫病高峰期,深入挖掘本时期医家的疫病治疗思想对于现代疫病学防治具有重要的意义。

This paper analyzes the thought of epidemic disease treatment in Xiaopinfang from the perspectives of disease understanding, treatment methods, prescriptions and epidemic disease prevention. CHEN Yan-zhi could clearly distinguish the difference between typhoid fever and epidemic disease, and advocated that the epidemic disease was caused by feeling the non temporal qi under abnormal climate conditions, which was infectious;It was suggested that the core pathogenesis of epidemic disease was ‘heat’ and ‘poison’;It had created therapeutic principles such as clearing heat and detoxification, relieving both exterior and interior, cooling blood and hemostasis, nourishing yin and generating saliva;Tusu wine was a pioneer in preventing epidemic diseases by dispelling filth with aroma. The period of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties was the first epidemic peak in Chinese history. It is of great significance to deeply explore the epidemic treatment thought of doctors in this period for the prevention and treatment of modern epidemic disease.