王春田《寒疫合编》疫病学术思想探析

Analysis on the academic thought on plague of Hanyi Hebian written by WANG Chun-tian

清代巴蜀医家王春田著作《寒疫合编》,汇集了王春田多年的疫病临证经验与心得:欲使世人明辨寒疫,强调伤寒为治疫之本,将伤寒、瘟疫并论,从疾病初起到传变叙述了二者的鉴别要点;治疫善用下法,舌症结合以明确下之时机,疫邪深伏者可微利以通阳驱邪,下后注重养阴调护;治痢见解独到,提倡疏利逐邪兼调气血,认为该病需忌“温补”“大下”“发汗”“分利”;重视外治法,灵活运用以探明病性、治疗喉疫;归纳当时多种瘟疫证治,结合业内共识和个人体会记录了“虫颠瘟”“麻脚瘟”等瘟疫的相关症候、病机与治法。望对现代疫病的理论与临床治疗提供参考。

The book Hanyi Hebian, written by WANG Chun-tian, a traditional Chinese physician in Bashu of Qing dynasty, recorded WANG Chun-tian’s clinical experience in plague for many years. In order to clearly distinguish febrile diseases and plagues, emphasizing treatise on febrile as the root of treatment of plague. WANG Chun-tian discussed them together and described the differentiation between the two diseases from the beginning to the spread of the disease. WANG Chun-tian made good use of purgation, combining the tongue manifestation and symptoms to determine the timing. Patients with latent pathogens could be slightly purged to activate yang and eliminate evi, after paying attention to nourishing yin. WANG Chun-tian had unique insights in treating dysentry, advocating purging evil and regulating qi and blood, and thinking that the disease should avoid ‘warming-reinforcing’, ‘violent purging’, ‘sweating’, ‘urinating’. The external treatment is emphasized, which is suitable for identfing disease attributes and treatment of laryngeal disease. WANG Chun-tian summarized the symptoms, pathogenesis and treatment of various pestilences at that time based on the industry consensus and personal experience, including pestilences such as ‘Chongdian Wen’ and ‘Majiao Wen’. It is hope to provide reference for the theory and clinical treatment of modern plague.