呼吸科住院儿童呼吸道病原核酸检测结果分析

Analysis of nucleic acid detection results of respiratory pathogens in hospitalized children in respiratory department

目的分析住院患儿呼吸道病原体多重核酸检测结果,总结呼吸道病原的分布特点及意义。方法回顾性分析2021年8月至2022年4月于北京京都儿童医院呼吸科住院的556例下呼吸道感染患儿,检测呼吸道病原体多重核酸,统计病原检出的阳性率。分析不同年龄、季节住院患儿病原检出阳性率的差异情况。结果556例标本中,13种呼吸道病原核酸检出479次阳性结果。检出率由高到低依次为呼吸道合胞病毒(40.92%)、鼻病毒(22.13%)、偏肺病毒(11.69%)、肺炎支原体(7.72%)、副流感病毒(7.10%)、乙型流感病毒(4.18%)、博卡病毒(3.55%)、腺病毒(1.88%)、冠状病毒(0.84%),甲型流感病毒、甲型H3N2流感病毒、甲型H1N1流感病毒、衣原体均未检出。按年龄分布,呼吸道合胞病毒阳性率在婴儿期(60.82%)、幼儿期(36.84%)、学龄前期(26.99%)中均为最高。按季节分布,阳性率最高分别为秋季鼻病毒(28.57%)、冬季呼吸道合胞病毒(45.31%)、春季偏肺病毒(26.74%)。结论呼吸道合胞病毒是住院患儿中检出的最主要的病原体。及时并准确地进行呼吸道病原学检测有助于掌握疾病流行病学信息,协助早期诊断和开展合理治疗。

Objective To analyze the results of multiple nucleic acid detection of respiratory pathogens in hospitalized children,to summarize the distribution characteristics and the significance of detection of respiratory pathogens infection.Methods A total of 556 children with lower respiratory tract infection hospitalized in the Respiratory Department of Beijing Jingdu children’s Hospital from August 2021 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The positive rates of various pathogens were counted to analyze the positive rate of hospitalized children in different ages and seasons.Results In 556 samples,479 positive results were detected by analyzing 13 kinds of respiratory pathogen nucleic acid.T he detection rates from high to low were res piratory syncytial virus(40.92%),human rhinovirus(22.13%),human metapneumovirus(11.69%),Mycoplasma pneumoniae(7.72%),human parainfluenza virus(7.10%),influenza B virus(4.18%),human bocavirus(3.55%),human adenovirus(1.88%),human coronavirus(0.84%).Influenza A virus,influenza A H3N2 virus,influenza A H1N1 virus and chlamydia were not detected.By age group,the positive rates of respiratory syncytial virus in the infancy,early childhood and preschool age were the highest,accounting for 60.82%,36.84%and 26.99%respectively.By season group,the highest positive rates were human rhinovirus in autumn(28.57%),respiratory syncytial virus in winter(45.31%),and human metapneumovirus in spring(26.74%).Conclusion Respiratory syncytial virus is the main pathogen detected in hospitalized children.Timely and accurate etiological detection is helpful to get the epidemiological information of the disease and assist in the early diagnosis and treatment.