妊娠期糖尿病孕妇剖宫产术后膳食营养管理的最佳证据总结

Summary of best evidence for dietary nutrition management after cesarean section in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的检索、评价和整合妊娠期糖尿病孕妇剖宫产术后饮食管理的相关证据,为临床护理实践提供依据。方法计算机检索国内外数据库及网站关于妊娠期糖尿病孕妇剖宫产术后饮食管理的相关文献,检索时限为建库至2022年1月3日。采用美国约翰·霍普金斯循证护理中心的证据评价工具、标准和证据分级系统,对各类研究进行文献质量评价及证据级别评定。结果共纳入20篇文献,从血糖管理、术后早期营养护理、膳食能量摄入、饮食结构、营养素推荐、健康教育6个方面总结出18条最佳证据。结论妊娠期糖尿病孕妇剖宫产术后饮食管理的最佳证据,为护士更好地开展膳食营养管理提供了循证依据,护理人员可根据循证证据,为产妇制订个性化的饮食管理方案。

Objective To retrieve,evaluate and integrate evidence related to dietary management after cesarean section in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus to provide a basis for clinical care practice.Methods A computerized search of domestic and international databases and websites for literature related to dietary management of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus after cesarean section was conducted for the period from database creation to January 3,2022.Evidence evaluation tools,criteria and evidence grading system of the Johns Hopkins Center for Evidence-Based Care were used to evaluate the quality of the literature and the level of evidence for each type of study.Results A total of 20 publications were included,and 18 best evidence were summarized in 6 areas:glycemic management,early postoperative nutritional care,dietary energy intake,dietary structure,nutrient recommendations,and health education.Conclusion The best evidence for postoperative dietary management of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus after cesarean section provides an evidence-based basis for nurses to better carry out dietary nutrition management,and nursing staff can develop individualized dietary management plans for puerpera based on the evidence-based evidence.