个性化营养干预对产妇乳汁中微量元素营养状况的影响

Effect of personalized nutrition intervention on the nutritional status of trace elements in maternal milk

目的分析个性化营养干预对产妇乳汁中微量元素营养状况的影响。方法选取2020年1月至12月在甘肃省妇幼保健院分娩的88例产妇作为参照组,进行常规体检与膳食指导,将2021年1月至12月在甘肃省妇幼保健院分娩的89例产妇作为营养组,进行个性化营养干预。比较两组干预后效果,并观察产妇乳汁中微量元素指标[钙(Ca)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、镁(Mg)],比较两组各类食物摄入量,同时观察两组新生儿体格发育增长情况。结果干预前,两组的Ca、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mg指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后营养组的Ca、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mg指标高于干预前;参照组的Ca、Mg指标高于干预前,Fe、Zn、Cu低于干预前,营养组各微量元素水平高于参照组(P<0.05)。与参照组比较,营养组粮谷类食品摄入量低,豆制品、薯类、水果、蔬菜、坚果、水产品食品摄入量高(P<0.05)。相比参照组,营养组新生儿体重增长、身高增长、头围增长情况均高(P<0.05)。结论个性化营养干预实施可显著改善产妇饮食方式,提高乳汁中微量元素营养状况,进而促进新生儿体格发育,值得借鉴。

Objective To analyze the effect of personalized nutrition intervention on the nutritional status of trace elements in maternal milk.Methods A total of 88 parturient who delivered in Gansu Provincial Maternity and Childcare Hospital from January to December 2020 were taken as the reference group for routine physical examination and dietary guidance,and 89 parturient who delivered in Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital from January to December 2021 were taken as the nutrition group for personalized nutrition intervention.The effects of the two groups were compared,the changes of trace element indexes in maternal milk(calcium[Ca],iron[Fe],zinc[Zn],copper[Cu]and magnesium[Mg])were observed.The food intake of the two groups was compared,and the physical growth of newborns in the two groups was observed.Results Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in the indexes of Ca,Fe,Zn,Cu and Mg between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the indexes of the nutrition group were higher than those before the intervention,the Ca and Mg indexes of the reference group were higher than those before the intervention,and Fe,Zn,and Cu indexes were lower than those before the intervention,and the levels of each trace element in the nutrition group were higher than those in the reference group(P<0.05).Compared with the reference group,the intake of grain food in the nutrition group was lower,and the intake of bean products,potatoes,fruits,vegetables,nuts and aquatic products was higher(P<0.05).Compared with the reference group,the growth of weight,height and head circumference of newborns in the nutrition group was higher(P<0.05).Conclusion The implementation of personalized nutrition intervention can significantly improve the maternal diet,improve the nutritional status of trace elements in milk,and then promote the physical development of newborns,which is worthy of reference.