财政专项资金对中西部影院建设的影响--来自制度断层点的证据

Cinema Construction Responses to Fiscal Special Funds in the Central and Western Regions Evidence from a Notch Design

国家电影事业发展专项资金是我国的一项政府性基金,其核心目的是促进中国电影事业的发展,尤其是在电影发行放映方面。本文利用全国影院数据,基于2017年电影专资对中西部县城数字影院建设的资助政策中,座位数不少于200的符合条件的影院可获得资助的特殊规定,采用聚束分析法(bunching),首次识别和估计了电影专资政策对中西部县城影院建设的影响。结果显示,在座位数为200的资助门槛附近,响应政策的影院平均增添21个座椅以获取资助资格,但其场次供给却显著下降。进一步研究显示,尽管居民生活水平较低地区的影院对电影专资政策响应相对更小,但电影专资对其场次供给的挤出效应相对更大。本文对政府性基金立法、电影产业补贴政策设计等方面都具有一定的现实参考意义。

The National Special Fund for Film Industry Development is one of China's governmental funds,the core purpose of which is to promote the development of China's film industry,particularly in the film distribution and exhibition.Based on the nationwide cinema data and the special provisions that qualified cinemas with no less than 200 seats can be funded in the subsidy policy,beginning in 2017,for the construction of digital cinemas in the central and western counties,this paper identifies and estimates the impact of the film-industry subsidy policy on the construction of cinemas in those counties for the first time by applying bunching analysis.The results show that near the subsidy threshold of 200 seats,cinemas responding to the policy add an average of 21 seats to obtain the subsidy qualification,but their supplies of screenings decrease significantly.Further analysis shows that although cinemas in areas with low residents'living standards have relatively less response to the film-industry special funding policy,the crowding-out effect of the special funds on their screenings supply is relatively greater.This paper would be significant for governmental fund legislation and film-industry subsidy policy design.