纤维表面改性技术在水泥基复合材料中的应用

Application of fiber surface modification technology in cement-based composites

纤维表面改性可提高纤维与基体间的界面性能,广泛应用于水泥基复合材料的改性中,意在提高纤维与水泥基体的黏结性能,促进新型水泥基复合材料的开发。水泥基复合材料中常用纤维以高性能合成纤维和无机纤维为主。纤维表面改性可分为物理改性和化学改性,其中物理改性包括机械改性、涂层改性、拉挤成型、等离子体改性,化学改性包括化学氧化法、溶胶-凝胶法、阳极氧化法、化学沉积法、偶联剂改性和接枝改性等。在水泥基复合材料中纤维表面改性技术的未来发展趋势体现在以下方面:改性纤维能够使水泥基复合材料具有更高的强度和模量,并开发出高效、稳定的改性方法;加强纤维、织物的结构设计,开发特种水泥基复合材料;利用多种纤维混杂或者添加纳米颗粒开发多功能化的复合材料,实现提高材料强度的同时拥有特殊的功能性。

Fiber surface modification which can improve the interfacial properties between fiber and matrix is widely used in the modification of cement-based composites in order to improve the adhesion between fiber and cement matrix and promote the development of new cement-based composites.The fibers commonly used in cement-based composites are mainly high-performance synthetic fibers and inorganic fibers.Fiber surface modification can be divided into physical modification and chemical modification.Physical modification includes mechanical modification,coating modification,pultrusion process and plasma modification.Chemical modification includes chemical oxidation,sol-gel method,anodic oxidation,chemical deposition,coupling agent modification and grafting modification.The future development trend of fiber surface modification technology in cement-based composites is focused on the following aspects of modifying fibers to contribute relatively high strength and modulus to cement-based composites,developing efficient and stable modification methods,strengthening the structural design of fibers and fabrics,developing special cement-based composites and multifunctional composites by mixing a variety of fibers or adding nano-particle to acquire special functionality while improving the materials strength.