优生学的起源及在欧美的发展史

The birth and development history of eugenics in Europe and America

按照全国科学技术名词审定委员会审定的定义,“优生”就是通过健康教育、健康检查等措施,从怀孕前着手,避免孕前、孕期任何对于胚胎不利因素的暴露,避免遗传病和出生缺陷,尽可能保证健康胎儿出生的生产。因此,我国的优生学完全迥异于西方不少人所理解的“eugenics”。优生科学(eugenic science)对于实现民族昌盛和国家富强的《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》、《中国妇女发展纲要(2021—2030年)》和《中国儿童发展纲要(2021—2030年)》的重要性不言而喻。读史使人明鉴。本文简要回顾了优生学的起源及其在欧美的发展史。

Technology, “yousheng” is defined as to avoid any exposure of unfavorable factors to embryos before and during pregnancy, in order to avoiding genetic diseases and birth defects, and ensuring the birth of a healthy fetus as far as possible, through health education, health examinations and other measures. Therefore, the Chinese concept of “eugenic science” is completely different from the term “eugenics” understood by many people in the West. Eugenic science is of great importance to the Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan, the Outline for Women’s Development in China(2021-2030) and the Outline for Children’s Development in China(2021-2030) for realizing a prosperous nation and a strong country. Histories make men wise.This paper reviews the birth of eugenics and its development history in Europe and America briefly.