医务人员家属心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

Psychological status and its influencing factors of family members of medical staff

目的了解医务人员家属心理健康状况及相关影响因素,为针对性心理干预提供理论依据。方法于2021年10月25日至10月31日选取河南省中医院医务人员家属300名为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行问卷调查。将所得医务人员家属SCL-90总分、各因子分与全国常模比较;以基本人口统计学项目为自变量,以SCL-90总分为因变量,进行单因素分析与多元线性回归分析;以与全国常模存在最显著差异的焦虑因子为因变量,进行单因素分析与多因素logistic回归分析。结果本次调查的医务人员家属SCL-90总分为(135.49±32.96)分,焦虑与抑郁因子得分均高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、是否患有基础疾病、与医务人员家人相处时间、医务人员家人日均工作时长是医务人员家属的SCL-90总分的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄、是否患有基础疾病、与医务人员家人相处时间、医务人员家人日均工作时长是医务人员家属的焦虑因子得分的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论年龄较大、患有基础疾病、医务人员家人工作时间较长、与医务人员家人相处时间较短的家属的心理问题发生率高于一般群体,应建立相关心理评估与干预机制,采用多种手段改善其心理健康状况。

Objective To understand the psychological status and its influencing factors of family members of medical staff,so as to provide theoretical basis for targeted psychological intervention.Methods From October 25 to October 31,2021,300 family members of medical staff in Henan hospital of traditional Chinese medicine were selected.The general information questionnaire and symptom checklist 90(SCL-90)were used.The total score of SCL-90 and each factor score of participants were compared with the domestic norms.With basic demographic items as independent variables and SCL-90 scores as dependent variables,univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted with the anxiety factor which differed most significantly from the domestic norm as the dependent variable.Results The total score of SCL-90 of the family members of medical staff in this survey was(135.49±32.96)points,and the scores of anxiety and depression factors were higher than the domestic norm,with significant difference(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,basic diseases,time spent with family members as medical staffs,and daily working hours of family members as medical staffs were the main influencing factors of SCL-90 scores of medical staffs′family members(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,basic diseases,time spent with family members as medical staffs,and daily working hours of family members as medical staffs were the main influencing factors of anxiety factor scores of medical staff′s family members(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of psychological problems among family members of medical staff who are older,suffering from basic diseases,having family members as medical staffs with longer working hours and less company is higher than that of the general population.Relevant psychological evaluation and intervention mechanisms should be established and various means should be adopted to improve their psychological status.