角色理论视角下城市社区治理的困境及其根源研究——以L市L小区为例

Predicaments of Urban Community Governance and Their Root Causes in the Perspective of Role Theory——A Case Study of L Community of L City

当前,随着绿色化、智能化社区的建立,有效的社区治理仍然是社会治理中的重要内容。但因为地区经济、文化、资源等领域发展程度不同,业委会、物业公司、居委会以及居民各自所扮演的角色在互动过程中仍会产生矛盾和摩擦。从角色理论视角出发,以L市L小区为个案,发现存在原业委会不作为,业委会重选困难重重;物业公司态度、服务跟不上;小区居民怨气与日俱增等困境。其根源在于主体角色间各执己见、互不认同,难以达成共识;居委会角色被边缘化,难以发挥角色作用;沟通机制原有功能退化,转而成为居民表达愤懑情绪的平台。综上,由于L小区各主体未能按照应有规则履行相应行为、承担相应责任,在追求更高质量(温度与风度并存)的期望和实际情况之间产生冲突,这对建设和谐小区氛围造成不确定性因素。因此,小区治理必须加强各主体角色定位与识别,严格按照角色规范实施行为,增强对彼此角色的认同。

At present,with the establishment of more green and intelligent communities,community governance becomes an important part of social governance.However,as different regions vary significantly in level of development,culture,resources and so on,different communities are plagued,to various degrees,with conflicts and frictions among interactive roles such as owners’committees,property management companies,residential committees and residents.From the perspective of role theory,these predicaments include the inaction of the original owners’committee and the difficulty in re-electing the new committee members,unsatisfactory attitude and poor services of the property management company and increasing complaints from the community residents in the case of the L Community of L City.The root causes can be explained in the following aspects:consensus could not be reached because roles from different entities stuck to their own stance and disagreed with each other;the role played by the residents’committee was marginalized;the communication mechanism,with its original functions diminishing,turned out to be a platform for residents to express their anger.To sum up,since subjects of each party in the L Community failed to perform corresponding behaviors and responsibilities in accordance with due rules,conflicts arose as the gap between the expected higher quality and the reality widened,causing uncertainties to the building of a harmonious community.Therefore,it is imperative in community governance to strengthen role defining and identification of each subject,take actions in strict accordance with the role norms,and enhance role identity among different subjects.