高速螺旋密封临界密封能力的结构敏感参数分析

Analysis of structure sensitive parameters for critical sealing capacity of high speed spiral seal

针对螺旋密封临界密封能力受结构参数影响大,且螺旋密封的各结构参数相互耦合导致密封设计难度大的问题,建立了螺旋密封数值模型,计算了密封的速度场、压力场和临界密封能力,分析了螺旋密封不同结构参数对密封能力影响规律并从对密封能力的影响以及设计制造难易的角度筛选结构敏感参数。通过对试验数据的拟合处理,得到了针对密封偏心情况的临界密封能力修正公式;利用Matlab优化工具箱中的fmincon函数对螺旋密封临界密封能力修正公式进行优化求解。研究得到了齿顶间隙、螺纹齿高、相对槽宽对螺旋密封性能的影响规律并判断螺纹齿高、相对槽宽为螺旋密封结构敏感参数;提出了一种密封结构参数优化方法,该方法优化得到螺旋密封在螺旋角α=18.5°,螺纹齿高h=0.45 mm,相对槽宽K_(1)=0.5,齿顶间隙s=0.05 mm时螺旋密封具有最优的密封能力与模拟和试验结果相符;研究结果为螺旋密封的工程应用提供了设计基础。

The critical sealing capacity of the spiral seal is greatly affected by the structural parameters,and the coupling of the structural parameters of the spiral seal increases difficulty of seal design.The numerical model of spiral seal was established,the velocity field,pressure field and critical sealing capacity of the seal were calculated,the influence laws of different structural parameters of spiral seal on the sealing capacity were analyzed,and the structural sensitive parameters were selected from the perspective of the influence on the sealing capacity and the difficulty of design and manufacture.By fitting the test data,the correction formula of critical sealing capacity for seal eccentricity was obtained;The fmincon function in MATLAB optimization toolbox was used to optimize the correction formula of critical sealing capacity of spiral seal.The effects of tooth tip clearance,thread tooth height and relative groove width on the performance of spiral seal were studied,and it is judged that the thread tooth height and relative groove width are the sensitive parameters of spiral seal structure;An optimization method of seal structure parameters was proposed,and the spiral seal has the best sealing capacity obtained through optimization by this method when the spiral angle of spiral seal isα=18.5°,the thread tooth height h=0.45 mm,the relative groove width K1=0.5 and the tooth top clearance s=0.05 mm,which is consistent with the simulation and test results;The research results provide a design basis for the engineering application of spiral seal.