南通市区献血者的体质量指数与肥胖状况

Body mass index and obesity status of blood donors in Nantong

目的分析献血者的体质量指数(bodymass index,BMI)和肥胖状况,为关爱献血者提供依据。方法收集南通市区2021年5月1日至7月31日的11408例献血者的社会人口学特征及体检资料,通过献血者自我汇报或现场测量体重与身高计算BMI和超重率、肥胖率,并进行分层比较。结果11408例献血者中,中位年龄30(20,41)岁;女4260例(37.3%),男7148例(62.7%);体重正常5642例(49.5%),超重4026例(35.3%),肥胖1383例(12.1%),体重过低357例(3.1%);中位BMI为23.7(21.4,26.0)kg/m^(2)。男性献血者的BMI高于女性(24.3kg/m^(2) vs 22.6kg/m^(2),P<0.001),单采献血者的BMI高于全血献血者(24.2kg/m^(2) vs 23.7kg/m^(2),P<0.001)。BMI随献血者年龄增长而增长,中位BMI≥24.0kg/m^(2)的男性最低年龄为24岁,女性为40岁。女性献血者的BMI随学历的增加持续下降。多元Logistics回归分析结果显示性别、年龄、学历、职业均对献血者的BMI有影响,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。收缩压、舒张压为正常高值及谷丙转氨酶异常的献血者的BMI均显著高于收缩压、舒张压及谷丙转氨酶正常者(P<0.05)。结论献血者BMI与超重/肥胖率低于全国平均水平,男性、年龄较大、低学历、体力劳动等是超重/肥胖发生的促进因素,采供血机构需予以关注,以降低超重/肥胖对采供血的不利影响。

Objective To analyze the body mass index(BMI)and obesity status of blood donors,so as to provide reference for the care of blood donors.Methods The sociodemographic characteristics of 11408 blood donors in Nantong from May 1 to July 31,2021 were collected,and the weight and height data of blood donors were self re-ported or measured on site.BMI,rates of overweight and obesity of blood donors were calculated and compared by stratification.Results Among the 11408 blood donors,median age was 30(20,41)years,4260 cases(37.3%)were female and 7148 cases(62.7%)were male.49.5%cases(5642/11408)were of normal weight,35.3%cases(4026/11408)were overweight,12.1%cases(1383/11408)were obese,and 3.1%cases(357/11408)were underweight.The median BMI was 23.7(21.4,26.0)kg/m^(2).The BMI of male blood donors was significantly higher than that of women(24.3kg/m^(2) vs 22.6kg/m^(2),P<0.001).The BMI of apheresis donors was significantly higher than that of whole blood donors(24.2kg/m^(2) vs 23.7kg/m^(2),P<0.001).BMI increased with age,and the minimumt age of male blood donors with median BMI≥24kg/m^(2) was 24 years,and female was 40 years.BMI continued to decrease in women with increasing educational attainment.The results of multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age,educa-tion,and occupation all had an effect on the BMI of blood donors,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The BMI of blood donors with high-normal systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and abnormal alanine aminotransferase were significantly higher than those with normal systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and normal alanine aminotransferase(P<0.05).Conclusion BMI and overweight/obesity rate of blood donors are lower than the national average.Male,older age,low education level and physical labor are the promoting factors for the occurrence of overweight/obesity.Blood collection and supply institutions should pay attention to reduce the adverse effects of overweight/obesity on blood collection and supply.