高压静电纺丝复合相变超细纤维的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Phase-change Composite Ultrafine Fibers by High-voltage Electrospinning

本研究基于高压静电纺丝技术将聚乙二醇(PEG)引入聚丙烯腈(PAN)基体中,制备具有相变储能、形状稳定的PAN/PEG复合超细纤维。利用流变仪、热分析仪及织物强力仪等分析了溶液共混比对纺丝前驱液黏度和纤维结构性能的影响。结果表明:在纺丝前驱液体系中,随PEG含量增加,黏度呈先增后降趋势,纤维成型后形貌规整、无串珠,当PAN/PEG共混比为80∶20时,纤维直径达97nm。PEG与PAN分子链可通过氢键作用结合,两者共混纺丝相容性良好,制备的复合超细纤维尺寸与形状稳定性、热性能良好。相变复合超细纤维的熔融温度和熔融焓值随PEG含量的提高不断增加,纤维具有良好的蓄热储能性能,PEG大分子柔性链引入能够显著提升复合超细纤维的韧性和力学性能。

In order to obtain the controllable and simple preparation of fixed-shape phase change energy storage materials,polyethylene glycol(PEG)was introduced into PAN fibers using electrostatic spinning to prepare ultrafine PAN/PEG composite fibers with phase change energy storage and stable size.Rheometer,scanning electron microscope,infrared spectrum,thermal analyzer and fabric strength meter were used to analyze the effects of PEG blending ratio on the viscosity and fiber structure properties of the spinning precursor.The results showed that with the increase of PEG content,the viscosity of the spinning precursor showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the shape of fibers was regular.When the PAN/PEG blend ratio was 80∶20,the diameter of fibers reached 97 nm.PEG and PAN molecules have good compatibility through hydrogen bonding,which ensures the dimensional and thermal stability of the composite fibers.The melting temperature and melting enthalpy of the composite fibers increase with the increase of PEG content.The flexible molecular chains of PEG can significantly improve the toughness of fibers.The experiment provides a technical scheme for preparing microfiber with definite phase change.