南京市老年人群高血压合并糖尿病的流行特征

Epidemiological characteristics of hypertension combined with diabetes among the elderly people in Nanjing,China

目的了解南京市60岁及以上老年人群高血压合并糖尿病的患病情况和流行特征,为老年人群慢性病的精准防控提供参考依据。方法于2017年4~10月,采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法在南京市抽取20883名≥60岁居民作为调查对象,对其进行问卷调查、体格检查以及实验室检测。结局变量为已诊断和新发现的高血压、糖尿病,采用χ^(2)检验分析不同人群疾病患病率的差异。结果南京市老年人群高血压患病率为59.0%(95%CI:0.584~0.597),糖尿病患病率为28.7%(95%CI:0.281~0.293),高血压和糖尿病共病的患病率为20.7%(95%CI:0.202~0.213)。不同年龄、性别、居住地、BMI、文化程度、民族、体力活动情况、医保类型人群的高血压和糖尿病共病患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在新发现的高血压和糖尿病共病病人中,不同居住地、BMI、医保类型人群的患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论南京市老年人群高血压和糖尿病及其共病的患病率较高,可重点关注城区居住、超重或肥胖及使用职工医保的老年人群。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution characteristics of hypertension combined with diabetes among the elderly people in Nanjing.Methods From April to October 2017,20883 regular residents aged≥60 years old were selected in Nanjing by multistage stratified cluster sampling method,and they were investigated by general information questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory examination.The outcome variables were diagnosed and newly-identified hypertension and diabetes.The differences in the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among the different sub-populations were analyzed.Results The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in the elderly population of Nanjing was 59.0%(95%CI:0.584-0.597)and 28.7%(95%CI:0.281-0.293),respectively;While the prevalence of comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes was 20.7%(95%CI:0.202-0.213).There were significant differences in the prevalence of comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes among the elderly with different age,gender,place of residence,body mass index(BMI),education level,ethnicity,physical activity situation and medical insurance types(P<0.05).Among the newly discovered patients with the comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes,there were significant difference in the prevalence among the elderly with different place of residence,BMI and medical insurance types(P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes and their co-morbidities are high in the elderly population of Nanjing.We should pay attention to the elderly who live in urban,being overweight or obese and using employee medical insurance.