全球劳动治理:拉纳广场事件后孟加拉国服装产业工人权利保护

Global Labor Governance:Protection of Workers’Rights inGarment Industry of Bangladesh after Rana Plaza Incident

2013年孟加拉国发生了人类历史上最大的工业伤亡事件--拉纳广场(Rana Plaza)大楼倒塌事件,这起事件促使全球多方利益相关者采取行动,加强孟加拉国服装业的劳工治理。以国际劳工组织、跨国公司、国际NGO以及孟加拉国本土NGO为主体的全球劳动治理力量在孟加拉国开展的多方行动,与孟加拉国政府一起有效促进了服装产业的工人权利保护。全球劳动治理在孟加拉国的实践对中国代工产业的劳动权利保护有一些启示作用。当下我们应该进一步完善法律法规,建立覆盖面更广泛的社会保障体系,织密民生保障工程网络。充分调动地方政府的积极性,把劳动者权利保护放在政府工作的第一位。吸收和借鉴跨国网络的守则监管和社会认证的先进经验,同时也要建构一套符合中国国情的社会审核标准和体系,鼓励和支持企业把劳动权利保护与企业品牌建设真正挂钩。进一步完善工会的组织化功能,调动工会团结工人的积极性。

In 2013,the worst industrial accident on record occurred in Bangladesh-the collapse of Rana Plaza,which prompted multiple stakeholders from all over the world to take action,so as to strengthen labor governance of Bangladesh’s garment industry.With International Labour Organization,multinational corporations,international NGOs and local NGOs in Bangladeshi as the main bodies,the global labor governance forces carried out multi-party actions in Bangladesh and effectively advanced the protection of workers’rights in the garment industry together with the Bangladeshi government.The practice of global labor governance in Bangladesh has some implications for the protection of labor rights in China’s original equipment manufacturers.At present,we should further improve laws and regulations,establish a more widespread social security system,and organize a network of projects to ensure people’s livelihoods.Local governments should keep fully motivated in many ways and put the protection of workers’rights first in the work of government.While absorbing and learning from the supervision of code abidance of transnational networks and advanced experience with social recognition,local governments should build a set of social audit standards and systems in line with China’s national context,and encourage and support enterprises to truly link the protection of labor rights to brand-building.In addition,the organizational function of trade unions should be further improved and trade unions should be motivated to unite workers.