数字普惠金融:减贫效应实证评价与助力乡村振兴研究

Digital Inclusive Finance:Empirical Evaluation of Poverty Reduction Effect and Research on Rural Revitalization

在数字普惠金融的助推下,我国于2020年取得“脱贫攻坚”的伟大胜利,由此迈入全面实施乡村振兴的新的历史阶段。但从经济学的理论观点审视与研判,在今后乡村振兴的道路上,由于多种原因,相对贫困将长期存在,返贫现象也有可能发生。只有及时化解与有效防止这一情况的出现,才能加快乡村振兴的步伐。这就需要一方面继续引导扶持“三农”理念从“输血”转向“造血”以增强内生动能,另一方面继续强化制度安排以加大数字普惠金融的推动力。在对相关理论与文献梳理的基础上,选取2011-2018年我国31个省(区、市)的面板数据,利用GMM模型对数字普惠金融减贫效应及作用机制进行分析,结果表明,数字普惠金融与农村减贫二者显著正相关,数字普惠金融通过促进经济增长和优化收入分配调节农村脱贫,助力乡村振兴。

With the help of digital inclusive finance,China achieved a great success in poverty alleviation in 2020,reaching a new historical stage of comprehensive rural revitalization.However,from the perspective of economic theory,relative poverty will exist for a long time and the phenomenon of returning to poverty may also occur on the road of rural revitalization in the future due to a variety of reasons.Only by timely resolving this situation and effectively preventing its happening,can we accelerate the pace of rural revitalization.On the one hand,it is necessary to continue to guide and support the concept of“agriculture,rural areas and farmers”to change its focus from mainly relying on external support like a blood transfusion to a more sustained effort from self-motivation,to enhance the endogenous momentum;on the other hand,it is necessary to continue to strengthen the institutional arrangements to increase the driving force of digital inclusive finance.Based on relevant theories and literature review,panel data of 31 provinces(municipalities,autonomous regions)in China from 2011 to 2018 were selected to analyze the poverty reduction effect and mechanism of digital inclusive finance by using GMM model.The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between digital inclusive finance and rural poverty reduction;Digital inclusive finance regulates rural poverty alleviation and helps rural revitalization by promoting economic growth and optimizing income distribution.