洞庭湖地区土壤营养元素空间分布特征研究

Study on Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Nutrient Elements in Dongting Lake Area

为了查明洞庭湖地区土壤营养状况和理化性状,以1*1 km^(2)网络样方对洞庭湖地区表层与深层土壤进行了取样分析研究,分析测试了土壤中大量元素N、P、K,中量元素Ca、Mg,微量元素Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Mo、B,pH值及有机碳(orgC)。研究结果表明:洞庭湖地区土壤pH平均值为6.29,呈酸性;土壤中N、P、K_(2)O、MgO、Fe_(2)O_(3)、Mn、Cu、Zn与B的含量均高于全国背景值,而orgC、CaO与Mo较为缺乏,低于全国背景值。洞庭湖地区土壤中CaO与Mo总体上处于缺乏与较缺乏水平;Corg总体处于较缺乏水平;Mn、Cu、Zn、MgO与P各含量水平分布较为均匀;B、TFe_(2)O_(3)、N与K_(2)O总体处于较丰富与丰富水平。空间分布图显示,洞庭湖区中北部的华容、安乡、南县土壤中所有营养元素的含量均较高,Zn的高值区受地表水影响较大,沿着湘江两岸分布。

In order to find out the nutrient status and physical and chemical properties of soil in Dongting Lake area,a 1*1 km^(2) network sample plot was used to analyze and study the surface and deep soil in Dongting Lake area.The contents of N,P,K,CA,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,Mo,B,pH value and organic carbon(orgC)were analyzed.The results showed that:the average pH value of the soil in Dongting Lake area was 6.29,which was acidic;the contents of N,P,K_(2)O,MgO,Fe_(2)O_(3),Mn,Cu,Zn and B in the soil were higher than the national background value,while the contents of orgC,Cao and mo were less than the national background value.The results showed that the contents of Cao and Mo in the soil of Dongting Lake area were in the deficient and relatively deficient level;orgC was in the deficient level;the contents of Mn,Cu,Zn,MgO and P were evenly distributed;B,TFe_(2)O_(3),N and K_(2)O were in the rich and abundant level.The spatial distribution map showed that the contents of all nutrient elements in the soil of Huarong,Anxiang and Nanxian in the middle and north of Dongting Lake area were higher,and the high value area of Zn was greatly affected by the surface water and distributed along the banks of Xiangjiang River.