基于双层正交DD线圈抗偏移偏转的无线电能传输系统

Wireless Power Transfer System Based on Double-Layer Quadrature Double-D Coupling Structure with Anti-Misalignment and Anti-Deflection

针对磁场耦合式无线电能传输(WPT)系统的线圈偏移和偏转所导致的耦合系数减小及传输能效性下降的问题,面向电动汽车无线充电应用场合,该文提出一种基于双层正交DD(DQDD)线圈的高抗偏移偏转WPT系统,DQDD线圈内部两对DD线圈易于解耦,而且两者激发的合成磁场呈周期性旋转分布,此特征使得DQDD线圈兼具抗偏移和抗偏转性能。给出了DQDD线圈的空间位置和导磁机构特征参数与耦合系数之间的作用规律,分析水平偏移、垂向偏移和垂向偏转三种情况下线圈互感的变化规律;构建基于双路逆变器-双路整流器的LCC-S谐振电路结构,推导同时具有发射线圈激励电流恒定并且系统输出电压不受负载影响的谐振元件参数配置条件,进而给出系统整体的传输效率。为了验证所提出的DQDD耦合机构抗偏移偏转性能和系统传输特性,搭建130mm间距的500W样机装置,在水平横向和纵向偏移±150mm,垂向偏转0~90°范围内,样机的耦合系数保持率均不低于40%,系统的传输效率均不低于80%。

Aiming at the problems of reduced coupling coefficient and reduced transfer efficiency caused by misalignment and deflection, a wireless power transfer(WPT) system with high anti-misalignment and anti-deflection based on Double-layer Quadrature DD(DQDD) coil is proposed for electric vehicle wireless charging applications. The two pairs of DD coils in DQDD are easy to be decoupled, and the excited magnetic field is periodically rotated in the horizontal plane. The interaction among the parameters of magnetic coupler, the position of DQDD coil and the coupling coefficient are given, and the variation of coil mutual inductance under three conditions of horizontal misalignment,vertical misalignment and vertical deflection is analyzed. The LCC-S circuit based on the dual channel inverter and dual channel rectifier is constructed, and the parameter configuration conditions for constant excitation current of transmitting coil and constant system output voltage are deduced. A 500W prototype device with a 130mm distance was built. The coupling coefficient retention rate is not less than 40%, and the system efficiency is not less than 80% within the range of ±150mm horizontal and vertical misalignment and 0~90° vertical deflection.