2型糖尿病患者发生低血糖的影响因素

Influencing factors of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的:分析2型糖尿病患者发生低血糖的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2021年5月至2021年12月该院内分泌科收治的738例2型糖尿病患者的临床资料。统计2型糖尿病患者低血糖发生现状,并根据患者近1年低血糖发生情况分为低血糖组(n=350)和无低血糖组(n=388),分析2型糖尿病患者发生低血糖的影响因素。结果:738例2型糖尿病患者中,350例发生低血糖,低血糖发生率为47.43%;两组年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、糖尿病病程、合并慢性并发症、腹型肥胖、应用胰岛素、应用胰岛素促泌剂、用药依从性、运动占比和血清糖化血红蛋白、三酰甘油(TG)水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组性别、吸烟、饮酒、控制饮食占比和空腹血糖、总胆固醇、尿素氮、血肌酐水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,BMI<24 kg/m^(2)、糖尿病病程≥10年、应用胰岛素、应用胰岛素促泌剂、用药依从性差均为影响2型糖尿病患者发生低血糖的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);高水平TG为2型糖尿病患者发生低血糖的保护因素(OR<1,P<0.05)。结论:BMI<24 kg/m^(2)、糖尿病病程≥10年、应用胰岛素、应用胰岛素促泌剂、用药依从性差均为影响2型糖尿病患者发生低血糖的危险因素,高水平TG为2型糖尿病患者发生低血糖的保护因素。

Objective:To analyze influencing factors of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:The clinical data of 738 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to the department of endocrinology of the hospital from May 2021 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The current status of hypoglycemia in these patients was analyzed.Then,these patients were divided into hypoglycemia group(n=350)and no hypoglycemia group(n=388)according to the occurrence of hypoglycemia in 1 year.Further,the influencing factors of hypoglycemia were analyzed.Results:Among the 738 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,350 had hypoglycemia with an incidence of 47.43%.There were statistical differences in age,body mass index(BMI),duration of diabetes,combined chronic complications,abdominal obesity,insulin use,insulin secretagogues use,medication compliance,exercise ratio,serum glycosylated hemoglobin,triacylglycerol(TG)between the two groups.However,there were no significant differences in gender,smoking,drinking,proportion of diet control,and levels of fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,blood urea nitrogen,and serum creatinine between the two groups(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI<24 kg/m^(2),duration of diabetes≥10 years,insulin use,insulin secretagogues use,and poor medication compliance were all risk factors for hypoglycemia in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(OR>1,P<0.05).Further,the high level of TG was a protective factor for hypoglycemia in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(OR<1,P<0.05).Conclusions:BMI<24 kg/m^(2),duration of diabetes≥10 years,insulin use,insulin secretagogues use,and poor medication compliance are all risk factors for hypoglycemia in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Further,the high level of TG is a protective factor for hypoglycemia in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.