低分子肝素钠联合气压治疗仪在预防ICU患者静脉血栓栓塞中的作用

Effects of low molecular weight heparin sodium combined with air pressure therapy apparatus in prevention of venous thromboembolism in ICU patients

目的:观察低分子肝素钠联合气压治疗仪在预防ICU患者静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)中的作用。方法:选取2019年1月至2021年1月该院ICU收治的80例患者进行前瞻性研究,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(n=40)和观察组(n=40)。两组均给予常规原发病治疗,在此基础上,对照组采用气压治疗仪治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用皮下注射低分子肝素钠注射液治疗,比较两组VTE发生率、血小板计数(PLT)、凝血功能指标[纤维蛋白原(FIB)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)]水平和健康状况调查简表(SF-36)评分。结果:两组住院期间VTE发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);出ICU前1 d,两组PLT、FIB水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,两组APTT、PT均长于治疗前,且观察组长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出院后1个月,两组SF-36评分均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:低分子肝素钠联合气压治疗仪治疗ICU患者可改善其PLT和凝血功能指标水平,提高其出院后生命质量,效果优于单纯气压治疗仪治疗。

Objective:To observe effects of low molecular weight heparin sodium combined with air pressure therapy apparatus in prevention of venous thromboembolism(VTE)in ICU patients.Methods:80 patients admitted to the ICU of our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected for the prospective study,and were divided into control group(n=40)and observation group(n=40)by using the random number table method.Both groups were given conventional primary disease treatment.On this basis,the control group was treated with air pressure therapeutic apparatus,while the observation group was given subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin sodium injection on the basis of that of the control group.The incidence of VTE,the platelet count(PLT),the coagulation function index levels[fibrinogen(FIB),activated partial prothrombin time(APTT),prothrombin time(PT)],and the short form health survey(SF-36)score were compared between the two groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the incidence of VTE between the two groups during the hospitalization(P>0.05).1 day before leaving the ICU,the levels of PLT and FIB in the two groups were lower than those before the treatment,and those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group;the APTT and PT in the two groups were longer than those before the treatment,and those of the observation group were longer than those of the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).1 month after discharge,the SF-36 scores of the two groups were higher than those before the treatment,that of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Low molecular weight heparin sodium combined with air pressure therapy apparatus can improve PLT and the coagulation function index levels in the ICU patients,and improve their quality of life after discharge.Moreover,it is superior to single air pressure therapy apparatus treatment.