阿尔茨海默病潜在的生物流体标记物

Potential biofluids-markers for Alzheimer’s disease

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)是老年人群中最常见的神经退行性疾病,给家庭和社会带来了巨大的负担。目前AD的临床诊断主要依赖于有创性的脑脊液检测和昂贵的影像学检查(如PET),因此亟需易获得、成本低且灵敏度高的生物流体标记物来弥补现有的诊断方法。该文将唾液、泪液、尿液生物流体标记物和脑脊液进行了比较,发现唾液乳铁蛋白对AD具有适当的临床诊断价值,因其无创性和经济效益可在未来作为AD预测性的生物标记物。此外,唾液中的β淀粉样蛋白、tau蛋白以及泪液中的溶菌酶C和尿液中的异前列腺素均具有AD潜在的诊断前景。

Alzheimer’s disease(AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly population, which brings a huge burden to the family and society. Currently, the clinical diagnosis of AD mainly relies on invasive cerebrospinal fluid tests and expensive imaging examinations(such as PET).Therefore, it is urgent to find a biofluid marker that is easily available, low-cost and highly sensitive to complement existing diagnostic methods. In this paper, by comparing the cerebrospinal fluid with saliva, tears and urine biofluid markers, we have found that saliva lactofetin has been proved to have an appropriate diagnostic value in clinical detection of Alzheimer’s disease, and it can be used as a predictive biomarker of AD in the future because of its non-invasive and economic benefits. In addition, amyloid-β, tau proteins,lactoferrin found in saliva and lysozyme C in tears and isoprolandin in urine that all have potential diagnosis of AD.