无金属有机光催化原子转移自由基聚合的研究现状

Progress of Metal-Free Organic Photocatalytic Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

自无金属光催化原子转移自由基聚合诞生以来,由于其绿色环保的优点受到众多学者的青睐。无金属光催化剂能够精确控制原子转移自由基聚合过程中聚合物的相对分子质量及分子量分布,优异的链端保真度有助于合成结构明确的嵌段聚合物。文中综述了无金属有机光催化原子转移自由基聚合的外部驱动力对聚合反应的影响,介绍了有机光催化剂的设计开发,适用单体范围,引发剂和溶剂的选择对反应的引发效率、聚合单体的转化率、聚合物的相对分子质量及分子量分布的影响。此外,介绍了该聚合方法同其他聚合方法和学科的相互结合使用开发结构多样、功能优异材料的应用和未来研究的发展方向。

Since the birth of metal-free photocatalytic atom transfer radical polymerization,it has been favored by many scholars due to its green and environmental advantages.The metal-free photocatalyst can accurately control the relative molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of polymer during atom transfer radical polymerization process,and the excellent chain end fidelity helps to synthesize block polymers with clear structure.This review covered the influence of the external driving force of metal-free organic photocatalytic atom transfer radical polymerization on polymerization reaction,introduced the design and development of organic photocatalysts,the scope of applicable monomers,effect of the choice of initiator and solvent on the initiation efficiency,polymerization,monomer conversion rate,polymer relative molecular weight and molecular weight distribution.In addition,the applications of this polymerization method in combination with other polymerization methods and disciplines to develop materials with diverse structures and excellent functions and the development directions of future research were introduced.