农村劳动力流动对家庭消费结构的影响

The Influence of Rural Labor Mobility on Household Consumption Structure

农村消费结构不优是乡村振兴的一大桎梏,而农村劳动力流动是农村家庭消费结构提档增效的关键路径之一。文章以流动劳动力为切入点,从理论上剖析农村劳动力流动通过收入效应和成本效应对农村家庭消费结构的影响,并利用中国劳动力动态调查数据(CLDS)进行实证检验。研究结果表明,农村劳动力流动引发收入效应和成本效应,对家庭发展享受型消费产生正向影响而对生存型消费产生负向作用,总体上能够显著改善家庭消费结构;异质性检验结果显示,农村流动劳动力从事行业层次提高、跨区流动距离缩短,会使收入效应强化而成本效应弱化,从而使家庭消费结构逐渐优化。对此,加强农村劳动力人力资本、关注成本效应、统筹安排回乡劳动力是农村家庭消费结构提质升级的未来思路。

The low consumption structure in rural areas is a major shackle to rural revitalization,and the mobility of rural labor is the key path to improve the consumption structure of rural households and increase efficiency.This article takes the mobility labor force as the starting point,theoretically analyzes the impact of rural labor mobility on the consumption structure of rural households through income and cost effects,and uses the data of China Labor-force Dynamics Survey(CLDS)to conduct empirical tests.The research results show that rural labor mobility leads to income effect and cost effect,which has a positive effect on household development and enjoying consumption expenditures and a negative impact on subsistence consumption,totally would improve household consumption structure;the heterogeneity test results show that rural migrant laborers engaged in higher levels of industry and cross-regional mobility would strengthen income effect while weaken cost effect,further improve household consumption structure.In this regard,strengthening the human capital of rural labor,paying attention to cost effects,and coordinating the arrangement of returning labor are the future ideas for improving the quality and upgrading of rural household consumption structure.