时机理论在早产儿母亲健康教育中的应用效果

Application effect of timing theory in educational intervention for mothers of premature infants

目的探讨基于时机理论的健康教育对早产儿母亲的影响。方法采取便利抽样法,将2019年5月至2020年10月在右江民族医学院附属医院新生儿科住院治疗的80例早产儿母亲纳入研究,按照入院时间先后分为对照组42例和观察组38例。对照组在早产儿住院期间给予母亲常规教育指导,观察组在对照组的基础上实施以时机理论为框架的综合健康教育。比较2组早产儿过渡期母亲照护能力、出院后1个月母乳喂养自我效能感及母乳喂养率、出院后3个月母亲应对能力的情况。结果2组各35例完成研究,观察组早产儿过渡期母亲照护能力得分为(100.86±6.22)分,对照组为(89.51±4.17)分,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=-8.97,P<0.05);观察组出院后1个月母乳喂养自我效能得分为(47.83±2.54)分,高于对照组的(41.20±1.97)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-12.21,P<0.05);观察组出院后1个月母乳喂养率62.9%(22/35),高于对照组的37.1%(13/35),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.63,P<0.05);观察组和对照组早产儿出院后3个月母亲应对能力得分分别为(119.29±6.03)、(113.66±6.59)分,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=-3.73,P<0.05)。结论基于时机理论的健康教育有助于早产儿母亲掌握照护知识和技能,加强母亲过渡期照护能力及出院后应对能力,使早产儿母亲的母乳喂养自我效能和母乳喂养率得到提升,促进早产儿生长发育,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To explore the effect of educational intervention based on timing theory on mothers of premature infants.Methods Using the convenience sampling method,80 mothers of premature infants hospitalized in the Neonatology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities from May 2019 to October 2020 were included in this study.According to the time of admission,they were divided into the control group(42 cases)and the observation group(38 cases).The mothers in the control group were given routine educational guidance during the hospitalization of premature infants,while the mothers in the observation group were given comprehensive educational intervention based on timing theory on the basis of the control group.The mothers′caring ability during the transition period,breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding rate at a month after discharge,and mother′s coping ability at 3 months after discharge were compared between the two groups.Results There were 35 cases in each group completed the study.The observation group scored(100.86±6.22)on the maternal care ability of premature infants in transition period,and the control group scored(89.51±4.17),the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t=-8.97,P<0.05).The breastfeeding self-efficacy score of the observation group a month after discharge from hospital was(47.83±2.54)points,which was higher than(41.20±1.97)points of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=-12.21,P<0.05).The breastfeeding rate a month after discharge in the observation group was 62.9%(22/35),which was higher than 37.1%(13/35)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.63,P<0.05).The maternal coping ability scores of the premature infants in the observation group and control group 3 months after discharge were(119.29±6.03)and(113.66±6.59)points respectively,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t=-3.73,P<0.05).Conclusions The educational intervention based on timing theory can help mothers of premature infants master the nursing knowledge and skills,strengthen the mother′s transitional care ability and post-discharge coping ability,improve the breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding rate of premature infants,promote and development the growth of premature infants,worthy of clinical application.