HIV抗体蛋白印迹试验不确定19例患者的随访检测及分析

Analysis of 19 Indeterminate Patients of HIV Antibody Western Blot Test:An Follow-up Results

目的探讨ELISA结果、WB带型和病毒载量检测在HIV抗体蛋白印迹不确定结果样本诊断中的意义。方法选取2020年1月-2021年3月临沂市艾滋病确证实验室19例HIV抗体不确定病例,进行病毒载量检测和随访检测,分析ELISA结果、WB带型和病毒载量检测结果与随访抗体转归的关系,同时对19例不确定样本的相关检测、人口学信息、流行病学信息进行分析。结果19例抗体不确定样本WB带型最多的为gp160、gp160 p24两种。病毒载量检测:7例检出病毒样本随访检测均转阳,转阳时间平均为(54.43±36.00)d;12例病毒载量未检出者中有2例失访,剩余10例随访检测均转为阴性。7例转阳者的初次WB条带均为gp160或gp160 p24的组合带型,同时其初筛ELISA法OD值(2.92±0.28)、S/CO值(9.75±1.34)均远高于转阴者(P<0.001)。结论综合WB带型、ELISA法OD值和S/CO值以及病毒载量检测的结果对HIV感染均具有提示意义,病毒载量检测在HIV抗体不确定样本的诊断中具有重大意义,为HIV感染者的早诊断早治疗提供了可靠的数据支持。

Objective To explore the value of ELISA results,WB band type and viral load detection in the diagnosis of HIV antibody indeterminate samples.Methods A total of 19 HIV antibody indeterminate cases in Linyi AIDS Confirmation Laboratory from January 2020 to March 2021 were selected for viral load test and follow-up test to analyze the relationship between ELISA results,WB band type,viral load test results and the outcome of follow-up.Meanwhile,the relevant detection,demographic information and epidemiological information of the 19 antibody indeterminate samples were analyzed.Results Gp160 and gp160 p24 were the most WB bands in the 19 antibody indeterminate samples.Viral load detection results showed that 7 virus samples were turned to positive during follow-up,and the average time was(54.43±36.00)d.Two of the 12 patients with undetected viral load were lost to follow-up,and the remaining 10 patients were negative in follow-up.The initial WB bands of the 7 positive patients were all combined bands of gp160 or gp160 p24,and the OD(2.92±0.28)and S/CO(9.75±1.34)values of the 7 positive patients by primary ELISA method were much higher than those of the negative patients(P<0.001).Conclusion The combination results of WB band type,OD value and S/CO value by ELISA and viral load detection are valuable for the diagnosis of HIV infection.Viral load detection has great value in the diagnosis of HIV antibody indeterminate samples,and provides reliable data support for the early diagnosis and treatment of HIV infected persons.