西宁北山山前崩塌形成机理及防治

Formation Mechanism and Prevention of Beishan Mountain Front Collapse in Xining

北山山前崩塌群是西宁市最典型的地质灾害之一,近年来,发灾数量明显上升,为研究其影响因素及形成机理,提出切实可行的防治措施,积极应对崩塌地质灾害。在收集前人资料及研究成果的基础上,通过Google影像和实际调查对研究区地质构造、地形地貌、地层岩性等做了详细研究,深入剖析了崩塌成因、形成机理及变形破坏模式。认为崩塌的形成是多方面作用的结果,古近纪沉积的泥岩石膏岩与砂岩互层岩组是崩塌发育的物质基础,构造运动为崩塌的形成提供了地质条件,风化作用加剧了崩塌的形成;此外,研究区崩塌属高位岩质崩塌,防治难度大,且出露的泥岩石膏岩与砂岩互层岩组属丹霞地貌景观,防治时应在尽量保护的前提下,采用主动和被动防护相结合的方式进行防治。本研究成果对类似碎屑岩崩塌防灾减灾具有指导和借鉴意义。

Piedmont collapse group of Beishan mountain is one of the most typical geological disasters in Xining City.In recent years,the number of disasters had increased significantly.In order to study its influencing factors and formation mechanism,practical prevention measures were put forward to actively respond to collapse geological disasters.On the basis of collecting previous data and research results,geological structure,landform and formation lithology in the study area through Google image and actual investigation were made a detailed study,and the cause of collapse,formation mechanism and deformation failure mode were deeply analyzed.It were believed that the formation of collapse were the result of various functions.The gypsum rock and sandstone interbed rock group of Paleogene sedimentary mud-stone are the material basis for the development of collapse.The tectonic movement provides geological conditions for the formation of collapse,and weathering intensifies the formation of collapse.In addition,the collapse in the study area belonged to high-level rock collapse,and the prevention and control is difficult.The muds-tone gypsum rock and sandstone interbedded rock group exposed belong to the Danxia landform landscape,and the prevention and control should be carried out on the basis of active and passive protection.The research results can be used as guidance and reference significance for similar clastic rock collapse disaster prevention and mitigation.