非均匀环境下不同空调形式对人体热舒适的影响

Influence of Different Air-conditioning Forms on Human Thermal Comfort in Non-uniform Environment

为研究冬季辐射和对流换热形成的非均匀环境对人体热舒适的影响,通过对20名受试者在不同空调形式(对流空调、辐射地板空调、辐射吊顶空调等)及个人舒适系统(personal comfort system, PCS)多工况下生理参数和主观反应的实验研究,建立了非均匀环境中不同工况下考虑局部影响权重的人体热感觉评价模型。结果表明:不同空调形式下局部热感觉对整体热感觉影响权重不同;3种空调形式下不使用PCS时远窗侧人员最冷部位(足部)热感觉投票值均高于近窗侧,全体人员足部热感觉投票值在辐射地板空调中最高。使用PCS可提升局部热感觉和热舒适,局部热感觉提升最显著部位分别是肩胛部(对流)、腹部(辐射地板)和大腿(辐射吊顶);此外,PCS可以降低人员期望温度,在辐射地板组合PCS时期望温度变化最大。

In order to study the influence of non-uniform environment formed by radiation and convective heat transfer in winter on human thermal comfort,physiological parameters and subjective responses of 20 subjects under different air conditioning forms(convection air conditioning,radiant floor air conditioning,radiant ceiling air conditioning,etc.)and personal comfort systems(PCS)were experimentally studied.An evaluation model of human thermal sensation considering local influence weight under different working conditions in non-uniform environment was established.The results show that under different conditions,the influence weights of local thermal sensation on overall thermal sensation are different.In the three forms of air conditioning,the thermal sensation voting value of the coldest part(feet)at the far window side is higher than that at the near window side without PCS,and the thermal sensation voting value of the feet of all personnel is the highest in the radiant floor air conditioning.PCS can improve local thermal sensation and thermal comfort,and the most significant improvement of local thermal sensation is shoulder blade(convection),abdomen(radiant floor)and thigh(radiant ceiling).In addition,PCS can reduce preferred temperature,with the greatest change in expected temperature when PCS is combined with radiant floors.