苏州市近6年血站血液非正常报废原因分析及对策研究

Analysis on the Reasons and Countermeasures of Abnormal Blood Scrap of Blood Stations in Suzhou City in the Past 6 Years

目的分析苏州市2016—2021年血站血液非正常报废原因,针对原因探寻相应的解决对策,以降低血液非正常报废率。方法收集2016年1月—2021年12月苏州市血站非正常报废血液8593袋,通过Excel表格分类和归纳血液非正常报废原因,计算各个非正常报废原因的构成比,针对非正常报废原因提出相应的解决对策。结果2016—2021年采血总量为460086袋,非正常报废量为8593袋(全血256袋,红细胞43袋,血浆8294袋),非正常报废率为1.868%(全血0.056%、红细胞0.009%、血浆1.803%),2016年、2017年、2018年、2019年、2020年、2021年血液非正常报废率分别为1.259%、1.646%、2.068%、2.276%、2.113%、1.823%。血液非正常报废原因中,脂血占79.43%,血浆颜色异常占5.54%,破袋占3.29%,凝块占1.15%,溶血占0.07%,其他占0.52%。结论脂血、血浆颜色异常、破袋、凝块、溶血等是血液非正常报废的主要原因,对此必须加强宣传力度,注重采血前的咨询,注重采血袋的选择,同时要提高采血技术,全过程轻拿轻放,及时检查血液外观,加强血液制备过程的管理,以降低报废率。

Objective To analyze the reasons for abnormal blood scrapping in blood stations in Suzhou City from 2016 to 2021,and to explore corresponding solutions to reduce the abnormal blood scrapping rate.Methods 8593 bags of abnormally discarded blood from Suzhou blood station from January 2016 to December 2021 were collected.The reasons for abnormal rejection of blood are classified and summarized through Excel table,the composition ratio of each abnormal rejection reason is calculated,and corresponding solutions are proposed for the abnormal rejection reasons.Results From 2016 to 2021,the total amount of blood collected was 460086 bags,and the abnormal waste was 8593 bags(256 bags of whole blood,43 bags of red blood cells,and 8294 bags of plasma).The abnormal scrapping rate was 1.868%(whole blood 0.056%,red blood cell 0.009%,plasma 1.803%).The abnormal blood rejection rates in 2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,and 2021 were 1.259%,1.646%,2.068%,2.276%,2.113%,and 1.823%,respectively.Among the reasons for abnormal blood rejection,lipemia accounted for 79.43%,abnormal plasma color accounted for 5.54%,broken bags accounted for 3.29%,clots accounted for 1.15%,hemolysis accounted for 0.07%,and others accounted for 0.52%.Conclusion Lipemia,abnormal color of plasma,broken bag,clot and hemolysis are the main reasons for abnormal blood waste.In this regard,it is necessary to strengthen publicity,pay attention to the consultation before blood collection,and pay attention to the selection of blood collection bags.At the same time,it is necessary to improve blood collection technology,handle the whole process with care,check the appearance of blood in time,and strengthen the management of blood preparation process to reduce the scrap rate.