130吨级泵后摆高压补燃液氧煤油发动机关键技术研究

Research on Key Technologies of 130-ton Pump Rear Swing High-pressure Staged Combustion LOX/Kerosene Engine

130吨级泵后摆高压补燃液氧煤油发动机是中国首型泵后摆大推力液体火箭发动机。对燃气摇摆装置、燃料摇摆装置等核心组件开展技术研究和试验验证,关键技术包括总体布局技术,摇摆补偿装置技术,大范围快速高精度推力调节技术,氧泵减振技术,系统稳定性技术等。可满足5 m箭径内布置7台发动机,解决了摇摆偏心问题,使摇摆力矩降低50%,发动机结构一阶频率提高至14 Hz。已完成逾1万秒整机热试车考核,验证了发动机泵后摆技术的可靠性和稳定性。130吨发动机技术可进一步拓展形成二级主动力发动机和重复使用发动机,拓展火箭运载能力。

The 130-ton pump rear swing high-pressure staged combustion LOX/kerosene engine is the first Chinese pump rear swing high thrust liquid rocket engine and is anticipated to be the main thrust source of the new generation of manned carrier rockets.The technical research and experimental verification of core components such as the gas swing device and the fuel swing device were carried out.The key technologies including the overall layout technology,the swing compensation device technology,the fast and high precision large-range thrust adjustment technology,the oxygen pump vibration reduction technology,and the system stability technology were studied.Several hot firing tests on the whole engine were conducted and the pump rear swing technology was initially validated.The engine adopted the gas swing device and the fuel swing device to realize the swing function,which could meet the requirement that 7 engines be mounted in the 5 m diameter rocket.The problem of swing eccentricity was solved,the swing torque was reduced by 50%,and the first order frequency of engine structure was increased to 14 Hz.More than ten thousand seconds of hot fire test have been completed,and reliability and stability of the engine pump rear swing technology were verified.The 130-ton engine technology could be further expanded to form two-stage main power engines and reusable engines to expand the rocket carrying capacity.