精英大学如何解决高等教育机会不平等--以英国罗素集团大学为例

How Do Elite Universities Solve the Inequality of Higher Education Opportunities--The Experience From Russell Group Universities

为解决高等教育机会不平等、促进社会流动,英国精英大学积极响应政府的扩大高等教育参与行动,帮助弱势学生进入大学。英国罗素集团的24所精英大学通过缩小基础教育差距,提升学生和家长的高等教育期望,提供与院校和专业选择相关的信息、经济支持以及多元化录取渠道等行动逻辑与举措,有效提高了弱势学生入学率。同时,罗素集团大学也遇到了诸多挑战,即如何精准识别弱势学生、如何产生更好行动效果、如何保障生源质量、如何科学有效评估成效。面对这些挑战,罗素集团大学明确组织边界,积极与政府沟通协作,在识别指标、参与主体、助力阶段、评估维度四个方面进行了改革创新。

To solve the inequality of higher education opportunities and promote social mobility,the elite universities in the United Kingdom actively respond tothe government's"widening participation in higher education"action to help disadvantaged students enter universities The 24 elite universities of the Russell Group have effectively expanded the enrollment of disadvantaged students by narrowing the gap in elementary education,raising the higher education expectations of students and parents providing university and major-related information providing financial support,and opening up diversified admission channels At the same time,the universities of the Russell Group have also encountered many challenges,namely how to accurately identify disadvantaged students,how to produce better action results,how to ensure the quality of students,and how to scientifically and effectively evaluate the results Faced with these challenges,the universities of the Russell Group have clarified organizational boundaries actively communicated and cooperated with the govermment,and carried out reforms and innovations in four aspects:identification indicators,participants,assistance stages,and evaluation dimensions.