澳大利亚土著职业教育内生发展:内涵、困厄及实践路径

Endogenous Development of Indigenous Vocational Education in Australia:The Meaning,Difficulties and Paths

职业教育内生发展是指在地方基层组织的领导下,挖掘和传承地方文化资源,发挥地方民众的主体性作用。然而,20世纪80年代,在新自由主义思想的影响下,经济逻辑代替教育逻辑,致使土著职业教育在治理角色上重视政府参与,忽视土著人的决策权;竞争机制影响了土著优质职业教育资源与服务的有效供给;教育市场化阻碍土著文化的传承与创新。以内生发展理论为切入点,澳大利亚政府在发挥政策指导和外部资源支持作用的基础上,通过赋权提升土著人在职业教育中的主体性地位,融入土著地方知识以彰显土著职业教育课程的地方性特色,雇佣土著教师以加大土著职业教育师资队伍的在地化建设,从而不断提高土著职业教育的内生发展动力。

Endogenous development of vocational education refers to excavating and inheriting local cultural resources under the leadership of local grass-roots organizations and giving play to the subjective role of local people.However,In the 1980s,under the influence of neoliberalism,economic logic replaced educational logic.As a result,it has led to an emphasis on government participation in the governance role of indigenous vocational education,ignoring the decision-making power of indigenous people;the competitive mechanism affects the effective supply of high quality vocational education resources and services;education marketization hinders the inheritance and innovation of aboriginal culture.Taking endogenous development theory as the starting point,Australian government,on the basis of policy guidance and external resource support,has continuously increased the endogenous development driving force of indigenous vocational education through the establishment of empowerment mechanisms to enhance indigenous participation rights;the integration of indigenous local knowledge to highlight local characteristics of indigenous vocational education curriculaiand the employment of indigenous teachers to strengthen the localization of indigenous teachers in indigenous vocational education.