自动驾驶背景下智能路面研发进展

Development on smart pavement under the background of autonomous driving

综述了自动驾驶背景下智能路面的研究进展和发展趋势。介绍了智能路面为实现与AVs协同交互所需具备的3项关键技术:自导航技术通过在路面中嵌入车辆导航标志为AVs提供位置信息;自感知技术通过对道路气象信息和交通流信息的感知和分析,为AVs推荐安全车速,减少交通事故;自充电技术在解决充电系统可行性的基础上,需研究高透波率和导热路面材料以及新型复合路面结构。总结了智能路面为保证精细化施工和嵌入式元件的使用寿命而采用的预制式路面技术、BIM和3D打印3项先进建造技术。并指出除关键技术问题,智能路面的推广还面临社会、经济、法律和环境等非技术问题。

This paper reviews the research progress and the development trend of the smart pavement in the context of the autonomous driving.Three key technologies of the smart pavement are identified to realize the cooperative interaction with the AVs,the self-navigation technology provides the location information for the AVs by embedding the vehicle navigation signs in the pavement;the self-sensing technology can recommend the safe speed for the AVs and reduce the traffic accidents through the perception and the analysis of the road weather information and the traffic flow information;and the self-charging technology involves problems of the high electromagnetic resistance and the thermal conductivity pavement materials and the new composite pavement structures,related with the feasibility of the charging system.Three advanced construction technologies of prefabricated pavement technology are discussed,the BIM and the 3D printing are used by the smart pavement to ensure the service life of the refined construction and the embedded components.Finally,it is pointed out that in addition to the key technical problems,the promotion of the intelligent pavement also faces social,economic,legal and environmental non-technical problems.