西北生态地质调查研究进展与展望

Progress and Prospects of Ecological Geological Survey in Northwest China

生态地质是以研究和评价地质环境的变化对生态系统的影响和作用、地质环境与生态环境之间的关联性规律的学科,主要是对岩石圈上层进行调查,研究对象涉及地球表层的岩石圈、土壤圈、水圈、大气圈及生物圈,是基础地质学、环境地质学、生态学、遥感地学等相互交叉的新兴学科。随着区域性及全球性资源与环境问题的日益加剧,生态地质逐渐成为现代地质学的新领域。笔者回顾了生态地质调查的发展历史、现状和主要特点,介绍了西北生态地质调查工作的基本情况以及在推进全国生态地质调查中的作用,梳理了西北生态地质调查支撑国家重大战略和国家生态安全战略中的最新进展。通过分析西北生态安全屏障区存在的重点生态环境问题,提出了“十四五”时期的工作建议,为西北国家生态屏障体系建设提供科学参考。

Eco-geology is a discipline that studies and evaluates the influence and effect of changes in the geological environment on the ecological balance,and the law of correlation between the geological environment and the ecological environment.Mainly to investigate the upper lithosphere,the research object involves pedosphere,hydrosphere,atmosphere and biosphere on the earth's surface,and it is a new borderline subjects intersecting with basic geology,environmental geology,ecology and remote sensing geology.With the intensification of regional and global resource and environmental problems,ecological geology has gradually become a new field of modern geology.This paper introduces the development history,present situation and main characteristics of ecological geological survey,also introduces the development history,present situation and main characteristics of ecological geological survey in Northwest China and its role in promoting national ecological geological survey,and introduces the latest progress of ecological geological survey in Northwest China supporting national major strategy and national ecological security strategy.This paper analyzes the existing ecological and environmental problems in the Ecological Security Barrier Area of Northwest China,puts forward the related suggestions for the 14th Five Year Plan period,so as to provide scientific reference for the construction of ecological barrier system in Northwest China.