国际环境空气质量基准的起源、发展及启示:以臭氧为例

Origin and Development of Ambient Air Quality Criteria:Illustrated by the Case of Ozone

环境空气质量基准研究是环境空气质量标准制(修)订的重要依据,也是新时期和新形势下改善我国大气环境质量、保护公众身体健康、进行生态环境精准管理的科学基础.本文以臭氧为例全面梳理了国际环境空气质量基准的起源和发展历程,系统阐述了环境空气质量基准的概念.结果表明,环境空气质量基准研究的本质是探讨分析空气污染物与其造成的影响之间的关系,环境空气质量基准研究在环境空气质量标准的表达形式、浓度限值设定等方面起支撑作用.通过全面总结现有环境空气质量基准的体系框架与研究重点,可为我国开展大气污染物环境空气质量基准研究提供借鉴.

Ambient air quality criteria is an important basis for the ambient air quality standards.It is also the scientific basis for improving atmospheric environmental quality,protecting public health,and carrying out precise management of the ecological environment.Taking ozone as an example,the present study provides a comprehensive overview of the origin and development of ambient air quality criteria,and systematically elaborates the concept of ambient air quality criteria.The research results show that the essence of ambient air quality criteria is to explore and analyze the relationship between air pollutants and their impacts,and prove the supporting roles of ambient air quality criteria in the expression of ambient air quality standards,the setting of concentration limits,etc.This study summarized the existing ambient air quality criteria system framework and research priorities,which provides a reference for conducting air quality criteria research in China.