特种微生物降解石油的性能研究

Performance Study on Petroleum Degradation by Special Microbes

目的:筛选、分离出可高效降解石油烃类污染物质的菌株,为利用微生物修复海洋石油污染提供理论依据。方法:将从常州市某污水处理厂的污泥投入模拟的含石油烃类污染物质的海水中,进行驯化、筛选,并分离得到两株具有降解石油功能的菌株,分别命名为菌株W01和菌株W02。优化不同环境下菌株的最佳生长条件。结果:实验研究发现,依据生理生化和16rDNA特征,确定菌株W01为寡养单胞菌属(Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila)、菌株W02为苍白杆菌属(Ochrobactrum)。菌株W01在最适宜盐度为3%、温度为32℃、pH值为6.5、转速为140 r/min的条件下生长,测定此类菌株对石油烃类污染物质的除油率最高可达81.22%;菌株W02在最适宜盐度为3%、温度为32℃、pH值为7、转速为140 r/min的条件下生长,对石油烃类污染物质的除油率最高可达85.88%。混合菌对石油烃物质的除油率最高可达85.11%。结论:筛选、分离得到的菌株具有高效降解石油烃类物质的特性。

Screen and isolate strains that can highly degrade petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants to provide a theoretical basis for using microorganisms to repair Marine petroleum pollution.The sludge from a sewage treatment plant in Changzhou was put into the simulated seawater containing petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants,domesticated,screened,and isolated two strains with degraded petroleum function,respectively named strains W01 and W02.Optimize the optimal growth conditions for strains in different environments.Experimental studies found that strain W01 was identified as genus oligotrophomonas(Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila)and strain W02 as genus P.pallidus(Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila)based on the physiological,biochemical and 16rDNA characteristics.Plant W01 has the most suitable salinity of 3%,32℃,6.5 pH and 140 r/min,and the removal rate of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants by up to 81.22%;strain W02 is 3%,32℃,pH of 7 and 140 r/min to 85.88%.The oil removal rate of mixed bacteria can up to 85.11%.The screened and isolated strains have the characteristics of efficient degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons.